Tag: endocrine system and chemical co-ordination

Questions Related to endocrine system and chemical co-ordination

Which of these is a glycoprotein?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Erythropoietin

  2. Insulin

  3. Oxytocin

  4. Vasopressin

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by juxtaglomerular cells of kidneys. It acts on bone marrow and stimulates the formation of red blood cells (RBCs). This process is known as erythropoiesis. Erythropoietin is secreted in response to hypoxic conditions in body as RBC carry oxygen and transport it to different parts of the body.
Insulin, oxytocin and vasopressin are peptide hormones and are composed of amino acids.
So, the correct answer is 'Erythropoietin'. 

When all the peptide bonds of a protein have been broken down, the result would be

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Polypeptides

  2. Oligopeptides

  3. Peptides

  4. Amino acids

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Correct Option: D

Name the chemical, deficiency of which causes Parkinson's disease while excess production may lead to schizophrenia.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Dopamine

  2. Acetylcholine

  3. Endorphins

  4. Glycine

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Dopamine is a catecholamine secreted from adrenal gland. It acts as a neurotransmitter and precursor for norepinephrine. Deficiency of dopamine causes Parkinson's disease in which muscles become rigid. The neurons that secrete dopamine degenerate in this disease. Excess amounts of dopamine cause schizophrenia in which a person's ability to think and feel is affected. The patient loses his ability to concentrate and the memory is also affected.
So, the correct answer is 'Dopamine'.

Which of the following hormones is not chemically a glycoprotein? 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Growth hormone

  2. Prolactin

  3. Luteinising hormone

  4. Estrogen

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A. Growth hormone is a glycoprotein secreted by adenohypophysis of pituitary gland which helps in growth of body.
B. Prolactin is a glycoprotein secreted by adenohypophysis of pituitary gland which stimulates production and secretion of milk.
C. Luteinising hormone is a glycoprotein secreted by adenohypophysis of pituitary gland which induced ovulation.
D. Estrogen is a steroid hormone secreted by ovaries which help in development of female sexual characters.
So, the correct answer is 'Estrogen'.

Chemically epinephrine is 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Amino acid derivative

  2. Steroid

  3. Peptide

  4. Glucocorticoid

  5. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Hormones have different chemical nature depending upon the type of molecules they are made up of. Some hormones like epinephrine are amino acid derivatives. Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline is secreted from adrenal medulla. It is derived from amino acid tyrosine. It contains a nitrogen atom and hence, known as amine. Epinephrine is secreted in response to stress conditions in the body and induces fight or flight reactions in the body.
So, the correct answer is 'Amino acid derivative'.

Which of the following hormones is a steroid?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Oestrogen

  2. Insulin

  3. Glucagon

  4. Thyroxine

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol and are lipid-soluble molecules. Examples of steroid hormones include the sex hormones (androgens, oestrogens, and progesterone). Oestrogens helps in development and maintenance of an individual's feminine characteristics. Whereas, insulin, glucagon, and thyroxin are the protein hormone 

So, the correct answer is option A.

Biogenic amines are synthesized from

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Tryptophan

  2. Tyrosine

  3. Glutamic acid

  4. Phenylalanine

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Amines are the compounds that contain an amine group. They are formed as a result of deamination, a process in which amino group is removed from the amino acid. Some hormones like epinephrine and norepinephrine are amines. They are derived from amino acid tyrosine. 
So, the correct answer is 'Tyrosine'.

Which of the following hormones is a derivative of fatty acids?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Gastrin

  2. Thymosin

  3. Estrogen

  4. Prostaglandins

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A. Gastrin hormone is a derivate of protein.
B. Thymosin hormone is a derivate of peptide.
C. Estrogen hormone is a derivate of steroid.
D. Prostaglandins hormone is a derivate of fatty acids.
So, the correct answer is 'Prostaglandins'.

Which one of the following is a peptide hormone:-

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Glucagon

  2. Testosterone

  3. Thyroxin

  4. Adrenaline

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Glucagon is a single chain peptide of 29 amino acids, synthesised by the α-cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas.

So, the correct answer is 'Glucagon'.

Supra optic nuclei (in hypothalamus) secrete the hormone.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. ADH

  2. Oxytocin

  3. Pitocin

  4. Both (2) and (3)

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Correct Option: A