Tag: endocrine system and chemical co-ordination

Questions Related to endocrine system and chemical co-ordination

Steroid hormones easilu pass through the plasma membrane by simple diffusion because they _______________.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Are water soluble

  2. Contain carbon and hydrogen

  3. Enter through pores

  4. Are lipid soluble

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Peptide hormones:

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. are received by a receptor located in the plasma membrane

  2. are received by a receptor located in the cytoplasm

  3. bring about the transcription of DNA

  4. both (a) and (c)

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hormones produce their effects on target tissues by binding to specific proteins called hormone receptors located in the target tissue only. Hormone receptors present on the cell membrane of the target cells are called membrane-bound receptors and the receptors present inside the target cell are called intracellular receptors, mostly nuclear receptors (present in the nucleus. 

So the correct answer is are received by a receptor located in the plasma membrane.

Read the following pioints :- 
(i) Increase GFR
(ii) Increase B.P
(III) Decreases Blood Volume
(iv) Increases aldosterone secretion 
(v) Vasoconstrictor
(vi) Increases Na excretion
How many points are correct about angiotensin II?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Two

  2. Three

  3. Four

  4. Five

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Angiotensin II - is a vasoconstrictor which causes an increase in BP (means a decrease in blood volume),  increase Na+ reabsorption, does not alter GFR, Angiotensin II can stimulate aldosterone secretion. 

So, the correct option is 'Two'. 

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Which of the following is not true concerning glucocorticoids?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. They help to control electrolyte balance

  2. They help promote normal metabolism

  3. They help, provide resistance to stress

  4. They provide the body with energy through gluconeogenesis

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glucocorticoids stimulate, gluconeogenesis, lipolysis, and proteolysis; and inhibit cellular uptake and utilization of amino acids. Cortisol is involved in maintaining the cardiovascular system as well as the kidney functions. Glucocorticoids, particularly cortisol, produces anti-inflammatory reactions and suppress the immune response. Cortisol stimulates the RBC production.

So the correct answer is they help to control electrolyte balance.

Which of the following options is correct?
     Steno thermal                                         Eurythermal 
      organism                                                organism            

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Frog, Lizard

  2. Frog, Man

  3. Man, Lizard

  4. Polar bear, Coconut tree

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Organisms with narrow range of temperature tolerance are called steno thermal organisms, e.g. polar bear, frog, lizards, coconut, etc. The organisms with wide range of temperature tolerance are called eurythermal organisms e.g. most mammals and birds. 

Which among the following amino-acids is not essentially required for health?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Cystenine

  2. Leucine

  3. Phenylalanine

  4. Tyrosin

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Cysteine is a nonessential amino acid (protein building block), meaning that cysteine can be made in the human body. Cysteine is one of the few amino acids that contains sulfur . Cysteine is a component of the antioxidant glutathione . The body also uses cysteine to produce taurine , another amino acid. So, the correct option is "A" (Cystenine).

A major difference in the mechanism of action between steroid hormones and peptide hormones is that

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Steroid hormones do not affect the synthesis of proteins whereas peptide hormones affect the activity of proteins already in the cell

  2. Target cells react more rapidly to steroid hormones than they do to peptide hormones

  3. Steroid hormones bind to a receptor protein whereas peptide hormones bind to G protein

  4. Steroid proteins affect metabolism, whereas peptide hormones affect the membrane permeability

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
 Steroids hormone Peptide hormones 
 It does not affect the synthesis of protein  Peptide hormone affect only protein 
 Target cell react more rapidly under the action of steroid hormone Target cell react slowly 
 Steroid hormones bind the nuclear receptors (protein receptor)  Peptide hormone can bind to G protein
 Steroid hormones affect metabolism.  Peptide hormone affects the membrane permeability. Because peptide hormone binds only on the receptor which is present on the plasma membrane.

So, the correct answer is ' Option A '

Which of the following conditions is not linked to deficiency of thyroid hormone?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Cretinism

  2. Goitre

  3. Myxoedema

  4. Exopthalmia

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Hypothyroidism is a disorder caused due to deficiency of thyroid hormone. It may lead to cretinism, myxoedema, simple goitre, Hashimoto's disease. Exopthalamic goitre is thyroid enlargement in which thyroid secretes excessive amount of thyroid hormone. It is caused due to hypersecretion of thyroid hormone.

Which one of the following is proteinaceous in chemical nature?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. oxytocin

  2. Estrogen

  3. Progesterone

  4. Testosterone

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The oxytocin  is a G protein coupled receptor which requires Mg2+ and cholesterol. It belongs to the rhodopsin-type group of G protein coupled  receptors. The peripheral actions of oxytocin mainly reflect secretion from the pituitary gland. Chemical nature of oxytocin is proteinaceous . So the correct answer is 'Oxytocin' 

Which of the following hormones is a polypeptide? 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. LH

  2. Thyroxine

  3. Insulin

  4. Both B and C

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Polypeptide hormones are hormones made up of amino acids that are secreted by the endocrine system and distributed to end organs through the circulating blood. Endocrine organs that secrete peptide hormones include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenals, ovaries, endocrine pancreas, and adipose tissues.