Tag: endocrine system and hormone

Questions Related to endocrine system and hormone

Choose the correct option among the following.

Column A Column B
A. Epinephrine (i) Stimulates in muscle growth
B. Testosterone (ii) Decrease in blood pressure
C. Glucagon (iii) Breakdown of liver glycogen
D. Atrial natriuretic factor (iv) Increases heart beat
zoology the endocrine system introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iii), D-(iv)

  2. A-(iv), B-(i), C-(iii), D-(ii)

  3. A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)

  4. A-(i), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(iii)

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A. Role of epinephrine and non- epinephrine- They whip up metabolism for preparing the animal to face special conditions created by physical stress such as fall in BP or blood sugar, anger, fear etc..All these conditions require more energy which is provided by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, sugar level of blood.

B. Testosterone- It stimulates the development of male accessory sex characters such as hair on the face, growth and distribution of hair on the body, stronger bones and muscles.
C. Glucagon- It is secreted by alpha cells of the islands of Langerhans in response to a fall in the blood glucose level. It brings about change of liver glycogen to blood glucose( glycogenolysis).
D. Atrial natriuretic factor- The cells, called cardiocytes, of the atria secrete a peptide, ANF in response to an increased return of the venous blood. This hormone regulates the blood volume through increased excretion of ions and water.
So, the correct answer is 'A-(iv), B-(1), C-(iii), D-(ii)'.

Which of the following match is correct?

zoology the endocrine system introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Hormone-Oxytocin, Effect-Milk ejection hormone

  2. Hormone-Glucagon, Effect-Decreases blood sugar level

  3. Hormone-Adrenaline, Effect-Decreases heart rate

  4. Hormone-Thyroxine, Effect-Decreases BMR

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Oxytocin- Milk ejection hormone
Glucagon- Increases blood sugar level
Adrenaline- Increases heart rate
Thyroxine- Increases BMR.

Endocrine glands secrete their secretion in 

zoology the endocrine system introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Blood

  2. Lymph

  3. Urine

  4. Endometrium

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Endocrine glands are the part of an endocrine system that produces hormones and other secretions directly into the blood, They include pituitary gland, thyroid gland, ovaries, testis, hypothalamus, etc. Blood helps transport these hormones faster to the target organs, thereby helping in its action. So, the correct answer is option A.

Given below are four statements (A - D) each with one or two blanks. Select the option which correctly fills up the blanks in two statements.
(A) Thymus secretes (i)_ which help in differentiation of (ii).
(B) The adrenal medulla secretes (i) which stimulates the breakdown of (ii) to increase the blood glucose concentration during emergency situations.
(C) The Leydig's cells or (i) present in the intertubular spaced in testis, produce a group of hormone called (ii).
(D) Thyroid gland secrestes __(i)_ and triiodothyronine. (ii) is essential for the normal rate of hormone synthesis in the thyroid.

zoology the endocrine system introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. (A) - (i) melatonin, (ii) T- lymphocytes
    (B) - (i) adrenaline, (ii) fat

  2. (B) - (i) catecholamines, (ii) glycogen
    (C) - (i) interstitial cells, (ii) progesterone

  3. (B) - (i) catecholamines, (ii) glycogen
    (D) - (i) thyroxine, (ii) iodine

  4. (A) - (i) thymosin, (ii) T- lymphocytes
    (D) - (i) parathyroid hormone, (ii) calcium

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

1.       (B) The adrenal medulla secretes catecholamines which stimulate the breakdown of glycogen to increase the blood glucose concentration during emergency situations.

(D) The thyroid gland secretes thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Iodine is essential for the normal rate of hormone synthesis in the thyroid gland.

So, the correct answer is '(B) - (i) catecholamines, (ii) glycogen
(D) - (i) thyroxine, (ii) iodine'.

Endocrine glands have _________ to carry their secretions to the specific organ.

zoology the endocrine system introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Capillaries

  2. Tubules

  3. No ducts

  4. Ducts

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Endocrine glands lack ducts and pass their secretions into the surrounding blood for transport to the site of action. They are also called ductless glands. Their secretions are known as hormones.

Ductless glands are also known as

zoology the endocrine system introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Salivary glands

  2. Endocrine glands

  3. Exocrine glands

  4. Both A and B

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The endocrine gland is called the ductless glands because there are no ducts in the glands. The products such as hormones are secreted and goes directly to the bloodstream. So there is no need for glands to collect and distribute the products, it just goes straight to the blood. Exocrine glands are the ones that do require ducts.

Match column I (hormone) with column II (endocrine gland) and column Ill (function) and select the correct option from the given codes.

Column I Column II Column III
1. Melatonin A. Thyroid (i) Acts on the renal tubules
2. MSH B. Adrenal (ii) Regulates blood calcium level
3. Aldosterone C. Pituitary (iii) Maintains diurnal rhythm of our body
4. TCT D. Pineal (iv) Acts on the melanocytes
zoology the endocrine system introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. 4-A-(iv), 3-D-(iii), 1-B-(ii), 2-C-(i)

  2. 1-D-(iii), 2-C-(iv), 3-B-(i), 4-A-(ii)

  3. 1-B-(i), 4-A-(iii), 3-C-(ii), 2-D-(iv)

  4. 2-D-(ii), 1-B-(i), 4-C-(iv), 3-A-(iii)

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Melatonin is secreted from Pineal gland and maintains diurnal rhythm of our body. MSH is secreted from Pituitary and actson melanocytes. Aldosteron is secreted from Adrenal gland and  acts on renal tubules. TCT is secreted from Thyroid gland and regulates blood calcium level. 
So, the correct option is '1-D-(iii), 2-C-(iv), 3-B-(i), 4-A-(ii)'

Which one of the following is a voluntary action?

zoology the endocrine system introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Heart beat

  2. Salivation

  3. Chewing

  4. Digestion

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The voluntary nervous system helps us take voluntary actions which are under the conscious control of the brain. Chewing is an action performed by us knowingly and is, therefore, a voluntary action.

Select the right match of endocrone gland and their hormones among the options given.

A. Pineal (i) Epinephrine
B. Thyroid (ii) Melatonin
C. Ovary (iii) Estrogen
D. Adrenal medulla (iv) Tetraiodothyronin
zoology the endocrine system introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(i)

  2. A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(iii)

  3. A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(i), D-(iii)

  4. A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(i)

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A. Pineal: It secretes a hormone named melatonin. It causes the concentration of pigment granules in the melanocytes, making the skin colour lighter in certain animals.

B. Thyroid: The thyroid gland secretes three hormones: Thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine, triiodothyronine and calcitonin. T$ _4$ regulate oxidation of food. Excess cause goitre.
C. Ovary: It secretes Oestrogen, Progesterone, Relaxin. Estrogen function is to develop female genital organs and accessory sexual characters. 
D. Adrenal medulla: It releases epinephrine and nor-epinephrine. Its function is to whip up metabolism in an emergency by increasing heartbeat, blood pressure, respiratory rate, blood sugar level etc.
So, the correct answer is 'A-(ii), B- (iv), C-(iii), D-(i)'.

What is the main function of endocrinal system in animals?

zoology coordination introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Coordination

  2. Combination

  3. Regulatory

  4. None of the given

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The function of endocrine glands in animals is to regulate chemical coordination. These glands secrete chemicals called hormones. 

So, the correct option is 'Coordination'.