Tag: endocrine system and hormone

Questions Related to endocrine system and hormone

Endocrine glands are also called as ................. glands.

zoology coordination introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Exocrine

  2. Ductless

  3. Ducted

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct. So, they are called as ductless glands. 

The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands.

Endocrine glands

zoology coordination introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Do not possess ducts

  2. Sometimes do not have ducts

  3. Pour their secretion into blood through ducts

  4. Always have ducts

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Any of various glands producing hormonal secretions that pass directly into the bloodstream is called endocrine gland. The endocrine glands include the thyroid, parathyroids, anterior and posterior pituitary, pancreas, adrenals, pineal and gonads. They are also called as the ductless glands.

When the glandular cells breakdown completely, the gland is known as ______________.

zoology coordination introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Holocrine gland

  2. Apocrine gland

  3. Merocrine gland

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Answer is option A i.e. "Holocrine gland"
Holocrine gland is one in which the entire secreting cell is destroyed on secretion e.g. sebaceous gland
Apocrine gland are the one that secretes a viscous fluid into a hair follicle e.g. sweat glands.
Merocrine gland discharges acellular components without damage to the secreting cell e.g. sweat glands

Hair roots are located in

zoology coordination introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Dermis

  2. Epidermis

  3. Hypodermis

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Skin has three layers:

  • The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone. 
  • The second layer of skin is the dermis, located under the epidermis. It contains connective tissue, nerve endings, and hair follicles.
  •  Subcutaneous tissue is the third layer of the skin. Located beneath the dermis and epidermis, it is mostly fat. Hence, Hair roots are located in Dermis.
So, the correct answer is 'Dermis'.

Select the answer which correctly matches endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes its function/deficiency symptom.

zoology coordination introduction to human endocrine system endocrine system and hormone coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Endocrine- Thyroid gland, Hormone- Thyroxine, Function/gland Deficiency symptoms- Lack of iodine in diet results in goitre

  2. Endocrine Corpus luteum, Hormone- Testosterone, Function/gland Deficiency symptoms- Stimulates spermatogenesis

  3. Endocrine- Anterior pituitary, Hormone- Oxytocin, Function/gland Deficiency symptoms- Stimulates uterus contraction during child birth

  4. Endocrine-Posterior, Hormone- Growth hormone(GH), Function/gland Deficiency symptoms-Over secretion stimulates abnormal growth

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Correct Option: A

Which part of thyroid cartilage in larynx is closed?

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Dorsal

  2. Ventral

  3. Anterior

  4. Posterior

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Larynx lies ventral to the thyroid cartilage. The thyroid cartilage is the largest of the laryngeal cartilages. The thyroid cartilage forms the bulk of the front wall of the larynx. It protects the vocal cords, which are located directly behind it.

Growth hormone is produced in

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Adrenals

  2. Thyroid

  3. Pituitary

  4. Thymus

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Growth hormone is released into the bloodstream from the anterior pituitary gland. Growth hormone release is caused by another hormone (growth hormone-releasing hormone), which is released from the hypothalamus and it causes the pituitary gland to release the growth hormone.

Vasopressin is related with

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Conservation of water

  2. Quick digestion

  3. Dilution of urine

  4. Slow heart beat

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Vasopressin/antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted by posterior pituitary gland and targets nephron tubules to increase water reabsorption and thereby decreasing water content in urine while increasing that of blood. Increased water concentration in blood raises blood volume and blood pressure. It makes the urine concentrated. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

The follicle stimulating hormone is secreted from

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Posterior lobe of pituitary gland

  2. Reproductive gland

  3. Thyroid gland

  4. Anterior lobe of pituitary gland

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a glycoprotein and gonadotropin secreted by the anterior pituitary in response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) released by the hypothalamus. It helps in the development of follicles in female and triggers Sertoli cells to initiate spermatogenesis in the male.

So, the correct answer is option D.

The hyposecretion of ADH causes

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Diabetes melitus

  2. Diabetes insipidus

  3. Goitre

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Abnormal secretion of hormones brings about physical changes in the body. The hyposecretion of  ADH showcases as diabetes insipidus with increased urine output and excessive thirst. Thus, the correct answer is option B.