Tag: pathogen and their mode of transmission

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Influenza is caused by Haemophilus influenzae.  The infected person coughs and sneezes. These diseases are transmitted through the air droplets while sneezing and coughing. The causative agent survives in the air droplets and through the air, the disease is transmitted to the other person. 

Early symptoms of active TB can include weight loss, fever, night sweats and loss of appetite. Symptoms may be vague, however, and go unnoticed by the affected person. For some, the disease either goes into remission (halts) or becomes chronic and more debilitating with cough, chest pain and bloody sputum (saliva). 

Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine is a vaccine which is primarily used against tuberculosis. In countries where tuberculosis or leprosy is common, one dose is recommended in healthy babies as close to the time of birth as possible. In areas where tuberculosis is not common, only children at high risk are typically immunized, while suspected cases of tuberculosis are individually tested for and treated.

BCG vaccine stands for Bacillus Calmette-Guerin. It is a vaccine against tuberculosis and for the treatment of some bladder cancers.
So, the correct answer is option A.

BCG, or Bacille Calmette-Guerin, is a vaccine for tuberculosis (TB). It is made from weakened tuberculosis bacteria that infect cows, similar to the human form of tuberculosis. The vaccine is 70-80% effective against the most severe forms of TB, such as TB meningitis in children.

Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is commonly used against tuberculosis. It is normally given to children as it has been shown to provide very good protection against the disseminated forms of TB in children, including TB meningitis. The other diseases do not have any vaccines yet.

Although your body may harbour the bacteria that cause tuberculosis, your immune system usually can prevent you from becoming sick. Several signs and symptoms of active TB include: coughing that lasts three or more weeks, coughing up blood, chest pain, or pain with breathing or coughing, unintentional weight loss, fatigue, fever, loss of appetite etc. 

Tuberculosis is a primarily an airborne disease. The causative agent for the disease is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria are spread from person to person in tiny microscopic droplets through the air.