Tag: some infectious diseases

The infection is a state in which the immune system is weak to fight against the pathogen. The infection can be prevented by maintaining a healthy population. The proper food will provide nutrients which make the body strong and healthy. This allows more production of immune cells to fight the infection. The healthy population are less likely to acquire the diseases and there will be less chances of epidemics.

The vaccine is made from a virus either killed, weakened or attenuated, which is introduced into the blood. This process is known as vaccination or immunization. The vaccine can be used to inject the antigen or the antibodies which provide protection against the respective disease by the production of antibodies by the plasma cells. The infectious diseases are transmitted from one infected person to the other person directly. These diseases can be prevented with the help of vaccination.

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Influenza is caused by Haemophilus influenzae.  The infected person coughs and sneezes. These diseases are transmitted through the air droplets while sneezing and coughing. The causative agent survives in the air droplets and through the air, the disease is transmitted to the other person. 

Early symptoms of active TB can include weight loss, fever, night sweats and loss of appetite. Symptoms may be vague, however, and go unnoticed by the affected person. For some, the disease either goes into remission (halts) or becomes chronic and more debilitating with cough, chest pain and bloody sputum (saliva). 

Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine is a vaccine which is primarily used against tuberculosis. In countries where tuberculosis or leprosy is common, one dose is recommended in healthy babies as close to the time of birth as possible. In areas where tuberculosis is not common, only children at high risk are typically immunized, while suspected cases of tuberculosis are individually tested for and treated.

BCG vaccine stands for Bacillus Calmette-Guerin. It is a vaccine against tuberculosis and for the treatment of some bladder cancers.
So, the correct answer is option A.

BCG, or Bacille Calmette-Guerin, is a vaccine for tuberculosis (TB). It is made from weakened tuberculosis bacteria that infect cows, similar to the human form of tuberculosis. The vaccine is 70-80% effective against the most severe forms of TB, such as TB meningitis in children.