Tag: innate and acquired immunity

Questions Related to innate and acquired immunity

Who among the following is recognised as the father of immunology?

zoology immunity and blood groups innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. Edward Jenner

  2. Louis Pasteur

  3. Robert Koch

  4. Ferdinand Kohn

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Edward Jenner is known as father of immunology due to his discovery of famous small pox vaccine which was also the first successful vaccine to be developed and helped in the eradication of disease completely. 

Louis Pasteur is considered as progenitor of modern immunology due to his studies on germ theory of disease. 
Robert Koch is the founder of modern bacteriology and played important role in identifying the causative agents of tuberculosis, cholera and anthrax.
Ferdinand Kohn is the founder of modern bacteriology and microbiology.
Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

What is the major benefit of the specific defence system ?

zoology aids to health innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. Specefic defence systems act as barriers to foreign invaders

  2. Specific defences provide a quicker response than non-specific defences

  3. Specific responses are generated no matter what the situation is

  4. Specific defences can produce immunity

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The specific defence system has immunity to specific microbes and antigens hence it is a potent body response and can produce humoral ,oral,lymphoid immunity etc.

So, the correct option is 'Specific defence can produce immunity'

Immunity obtained by the transfer of antibodies from the mother through the placenta by the foetus is 

zoology aids to health innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. Artificially acquired active immunity

  2. Naturally acquired passive immunity

  3. Naturally active active immunity

  4. Artificially acquired passive immunity

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Passive immunity is the type of immunization when a ready-made antibody is directly given to the patient to protect the body against foreign attack. It can be injected artificially or provided naturally by mother milk (colostrum) or by transferring it to the foetus by the placenta.

So the correct option is "Naturally acquired passive immunity".

Which of the following are the properties of acquired immunity?

zoology aids to health innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. Specificity

  2. Diversity

  3. Immunological memory

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A. Specificity- It is the ability to differentiate between various foreign molecules.
B. Diversity- It can recognize a vast variety of foreign molecules,
C. Immunological memory- When the immune system encounters a specific foreign agent for the first time, it generates an immune response and eliminates the invader. This is called the first encounter. The immune system retains the memory of the first encounter. As a result, a second encounter occurs more quickly and abundantly than the first encounter.

So, the correct answer is "All the above".

$2\%$ of our immune systems is aimed at to expel and kill foreign invaders in?

zoology diseases and immunity innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. Gut or alimentary canal

  2. Blood

  3. Kidneys

  4. Lungs

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Correct Option: A

Immunity tolerance is  developed by  

zoology diseases and immunity innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. Interaction with the antigen

  2. By giving antibodies

  3. Present by birth

  4. By giving antibiotics

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Immunity tolerance, or immunological tolerance, or immune tolerance, is a state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to substances or tissue that have the capacity to elicit an immune response in a given organism or It is the prevention of an immune response against a particular antigen.
  • For example, the immune system is generally tolerant of self-antigens, so it does not usually attack the body's own cells, tissues, and organs. However, when tolerance is lost, disorders like autoimmune disease or food allergy may occur.
  • Hence Immunity tolerance is developed by interaction with the antigen.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Interaction with the antigen'.

Passive immunity is defined as immunity

zoology diseases and immunity innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. inherited from the parents

  2. achieved through vaccination

  3. acquired through first exposure to the disease

  4. achieved through the sera of other animals enriched in antibodies.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Immunity is said to be passive when antibodies produced in other organisms (their sera) are injected into a person who already has a potential antigen in his body. Administration of antibody against tetanus, botulism etc. makes large amounts of antitoxin immediately available to neutralize the toxins.

Skin, Hair, Mucus etc. are included in

zoology diseases and immunity innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. Protective mechanical barriers

  2. White blood cells

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Protective mechanical barriers include skin, hair, mucus etc. Skin has an outer tough layer made of a protein keratin and is almost impermeable to germs.

Innate immunity is by virtue of .................

zoology diseases and immunity innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. Physical appearance

  2. Genetic constitutional make-up

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Innate immunity also called natural or native immunity. This immunity is by virtue of genetic constitutional make-up. It is there in the body without any external stimulation or a previous infection.

Innate immunity is

zoology diseases and immunity innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. Natural

  2. Inborn

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Innate immunity also called natural or inborn immunity. Innate immunity refers to nonspecific defense mechanisms that come into play immediately or within hours of an antigen's appearance in the body.