Tag: innate and acquired immunity

Questions Related to innate and acquired immunity

which of the following are necessary for the production of maximal humoral response upon initial exposure to a protein antigen?

bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups active and passive immunity acquired immunity innate and acquired immunity

  1. B lymphocytes only

  2. T lymphocytes only

  3. B lymphocytes and dendritic cells only

  4. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes only

  5. B lymphocytes , T lymphocytes and dendritic cells

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

B cells, otherwise called B lymphocytes, are a sort of white platelet of the lymphocyte subtype. They work in the humoral insusceptibility segment of the versatile safe framework by emitting antibodies. 

So, the correct option is 'B lymphocytes only'.

Immunocompetence refers to the

bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups active and passive immunity acquired immunity innate and acquired immunity

  1. ability of the immune system to distinguish self from non-self

  2. differentiation, depending on location of lymphocytes into B- or T-cells

  3. development of receptors on B- and T-cells that are specific for one particular antigenic determinant

  4. ability of helper T-cells to recognize the major histocompatibility complex

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Immunocompetence is the ability of the body to produce a normal immune response following exposure to an antigen. Immunocompetence is the opposite of immunodeficiency.

So, the correct option is 'Development of receptors on B- and T cells that are specific for one particular antigenic determinant'.

Primary and secondary immune response are carried out with the help of 

bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups active and passive immunity acquired immunity innate and acquired immunity

  1. B-Lymphocytes

  2. T-Lymphocytes

  3. Antiviral Proteins

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
The primary immune response can be described as the first response of our body system to a newly introduced foreign agent, while the secondary immune response is defined as an intensified immune response to this previously exposed antigen. The primary and secondary immune response is carried out by following two types of lymphocytes;
1)B-Lymphocytes: responsible for the production of antibodies in our blood. the type of antibodies is IgA. IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM.
2)T-Lymphocytes: These are mediators cell-mediated immunity.
So, the correct answer is 'Option D- Both A and B'.

The major difference between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity is that:

bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups active and passive immunity acquired immunity innate and acquired immunity

  1. humoral immunity is non-specific, whereas cell-mediated immunity is specific for particular antigens

  2. the agents of humoral immunity are carried in the bloodstream, whereas the cells of the latter are concentrated in lymph nodes

  3. humoral immunity cannot function independently; it is always activated by cell-mediated immunity

  4. humoral immunity acts against free-floating antigens, whereas cell-mediated immunity works against pathogens that. have entered body cells

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The immune system has two divisions-humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity. The humoral immunity protects against extracellular pathogens while the cell-mediated immunity protects against intracellular pathogens.

so, the correct option is 'humoral immunity acts against free-floating antigens, whereas cell-mediated immunity works against pathogens that have entered body cells'.

The cells that actually release antibodies are

bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups active and passive immunity acquired immunity innate and acquired immunity

  1. Helper T-cells

  2. Cytotoxic T-cells

  3. Plasma cells

  4. Suppressor cells

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Activated B cells differentiate into either antibody-producing cells called plasma cells that secrete soluble antibody or memory cells that survive in the body for years afterwards in order to allow the immune system to remember an antigen and respond faster upon future exposures.

So, the correct option is 'Plasma cells'.

Control of the activated complement components results from

bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups active and passive immunity acquired immunity innate and acquired immunity

  1. Agglutination

  2. Immune adherence

  3. Instability and inactivation of some of these components

  4. Mobility of phagocytes

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The activity of complement components is modulated by a system of regulatory proteins that prevent tissues damage as a result of inadvertent binding of activated complement components to host cells or spontaneous activation of complement components in plasma.

So, the correct option is 'instability and inactivation of some of these components'.