Tag: characteristics of vertebrates

Questions Related to characteristics of vertebrates

Scales in Cyclostomata are

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Cycloid type

  2. Ctenoid type

  3. Placoid type

  4. Absent

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The class Cyclostomata is characterized by circular mouth without jaws. They have retractable horny teeth. Also, the scales and fins are absent in these members of the class. They are ectoparasites and don't have mucus glands on their skin.

So, the correct answer is option D.

First vertebrates animals belongs to class

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Ostracodermi

  2. Cyclostomata

  3. Placodermi

  4. Osteichthyes

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ostracoderms refers to the armored jawless fishes of the Paleozoic era. They lived in what is now North America, Europe, and Russia from the Middle Silurian to Upper Devonian. They were the first fish to use gills just for respiration. This is the first class of vertebrates. 

So, the correct answer is option A.

The chordates without jaw are placed in

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Agnathostomes

  2. Gnathosomes

  3. Vertebrates

  4. Euchordates

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Agnatha which means 'no jaws' is a superclass of jawless fish in the phylum Chordata, consisting of both present (cyclostomes) and extinct species like ostracoderms. The body is covered in skin, with neither dermal or epidermal scales. Hagfish and Lampreys are a very common example. 

So, the correct answer is options A.

Petromyzon is ectoparasite on

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Rat and squirrel

  2. Fishes and turtles

  3. Cattles

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Petromyzon (lampreys) are all carnivorous and are true predators. The method of attack is very peculiar. It attack fishes, turtles etc and it attach themselves by suctorial mouth which is circular in shape. Mouth acts a sucker, it rasps the flesh of the prey with its tongue. Teeth which are situated around the mouth sink into the flesh of the prey and serve it to hold properly. 

So, the correct answer is option B.

1) The body is long, eel like. It shows trunk and compressed tail.
2) Paired fins are absent. Median fin is supported by cartilaginous fin-rays.
3) The skin is soft and smooth. It is slimy. It has scale less.
4) Z shaped myomeres are present in the trunk and tail protractor and retractor muscles move the tongue.
5) In this group, a true coelome is seen.
These characteristics are seen in the class

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Cyclostomata

  2. Pisces

  3. Reptilia

  4. Aves

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Cyclostomes' are jawless vertebrates, They are primitive vertebrates. The cyclostomes are marine or fresh-water vertebrates.

It includes the lampreys and hag fishes.
1) The body is long, eel like. It shows trunk and compressed tail.
2) Paired fins are absent. Median fin is supported by cartilaginous fin-rays.
3) The skin Is soft and smooth. It is slimy. It as scale less.
4) Z shaped myomeres are present in the trunk and tail Protractor and retractor muscles move the tongue.
5) In this group, a true coelome is seen.
6) These vertebrates will not have jaws, hence called Agnatha.
7) The mouth is circular. It works like a sucker. It is surrounded by tentacles.
8) Tongue bears teeth.
9) Stomach is absent and oesophagus leads into the intestine.
10) Endoskeleton is present.
11) Skull is simple and primitive.
12) Notochord presists throughout life.
13) Vertebrae are represented by neural arches, around the notochord.
14) Five to sixteen pairs of gills are present in sac like pouches
15) The heart is two chambered. Sinus venousus is present, but conus arterlcsus is absent.
16) Blood contains leucocytes and Irregular nucleated erythrocytes..
17) Brain is seen.
18) Ten pairs or less number of cranial nerves are present.
19) Nasal sac is single and median.
20) Lateral line sense organ is present.
21) Excretory system includes a pair of mesonephric kidneys.
22) Sexes are separate.
23) Gonad is single and without a gonoduct.
24) Development may be direct or with a long larval stage.

Fishes which are parasite as well as scavanger are

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Ostracoderm

  2. Cyclostomata

  3. Tetrapoda

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cyclostomata is a group of chordates that comprises the living jawless fishes: lampreys and hagfishes. Both groups have round mouths that lack jaws but have retractable horny teeth. The name Cyclostomata means "round mouths". These fishes are parasites and as well as scavengers. They feed off dead and wounded organisms in the ocean. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Jawless circular and suctorial mouth are characteristic feature of 

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Agnathe animals

  2. Gnathostomes

  3. Cyclostomes animals

  4. Both A and C

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The subphylum vertebrae are  classified into Agnatha or Agnathostomata- includes vertebrates without jaws. Further, this group has only one class the Cyclostomata. The Cyclostomes are jawless vertebrates with a circular mouth and suctorial funnel.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Petromyzon attaches to the host body with the help of

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Suckers

  2. Hookes

  3. Both A and B

  4. Suctorial mouth

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Petromyzon (lampreys) are all carnivorous and are true predators. The method of attack is very peculiar. It attack fishes, turtles etc and it attach themselves by suctorial mouth which is circular in shape. Mouth acts a sucker, it rasps the flesh of the prey with its tongue. Teeth which are situated around the mouth sink into the flesh of the prey and serve it to hold properly. Hence, option D is correct answer.

Which of the following are jawless animals?

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Gnathostomata

  2. Agnatha

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Agnatha is a superclass of jawless fishes in the phylum Chordata. These are ectothermic, meaning they do not regulate their own body temperature. They show slow metabolism in cold water. They do not have a proper stomach rather they have a long homogenous gut.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Hag fish is another name for

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Petromyzon

  2. Lamprey

  3. Myxine

  4. Cephalaspis

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Myxine is scientific name of hagfish. They are eel-shaped, slime-producing marine fish. They are the only known living animals that have a skull but no vertebral column. Classification of Myxine is

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Superclass: Cyclostomata
Class: Myxini
Order: Myxiniformes
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.