Tag: blood and organ donation

Questions Related to blood and organ donation

Read the following statements and choose the correct option:
Statement 1: Atria receive blood from all parts of the body which subsequently flows to ventricles.
Statement 2: Action potential generated at sino-atrial node passes from atria to ventricles.

evs circulation of blood blood transfusion transfusion of blood blood and organ donation

  1. Action mentioned in Statement 1 is dependent on action mentioned in Statement 2

  2. Action mentioned in Statement 2 is dependent on action mentioned in Statement 1

  3. Action mentioned in Statements 1 and 2 are independent of each other

  4. Action mentioned in Statements 1 and 2 are synchronous

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Human heart is a four chambered structure where t he upper 2 chambers are the atria and the lower 2 chambers are the ventricle.
  • Atria are the chambers of the heart that receive the blood from various organs of the body. Right atria receives deoxygenated blood from the body organs other than lungs through the vena cana, where as the left atria receives blood that is oxygenated from the lungs via pulmonary vein.
  • The blood from both the atria is to be transferred to the respective ventricles and for that the valves that guard the atrio ventricular opening should be opened and closed after the blood is transferred from one chamber to the other so as to prevent the backward flow of the blood.
  • For this opening and closing of the valve and also for the systole and dystole movement of the chambers stimulus is required which is provided by the sino atrial node that is present at the upper right corner of the right atria.
  • This node generates the action potential which travels from the SA node to the atrio ventricular node that is AV node which is present at the lower left corner if the right atria. From the AV node the potential travels along the Purkenej fibers in the wall of atrio ventricular septum and the potential then spreads to the cardiac muscle of the heart.
  • Therefore the whole functioning of the heart is dependent upon the action potential that is generated from the SA node in the atria.
  • Therefore the answer 'Action mentioned in Statement 1 is dependent on action mentioned in Statement 2' is correct.

Normal pulse pressure is

evs circulation of blood blood transfusion transfusion of blood blood and organ donation

  1. 80 mm Hg

  2. 120 mm Hg

  3. 40mmHg

  4. 320 mm Hg

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The numeric difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure is called pulse pressure. For example, if the resting blood pressure is 120/80 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), pulse pressure is 40 which is considered a normal and healthy pulse pressure.

"Lubb" sound produced during heart beat is caused by :

evs circulation of blood blood transfusion transfusion of blood blood and organ donation

  1. Ventricular diastole

  2. Ventricular systole

  3. Artial diastole

  4. Artial systole

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

There are four heart sounds, each corresponding to a particular event in the cardiac cycle. The first two are most easily distinguished, and sound through the stethoscope like 'lubb dup'. The first sound, 'lubb', is fairly loud and is due to the closure of the atrioventricular valves. This closure corresponds with the start of the Ventricular systole.

So, the answer is B.

Erythroblastosis foetalis occurs when a factor from mother passes into foetus through placenta _________________.

biology transportation in plants and animals blood transfusion transfusion of blood blood and organ donation

  1. Rh antigens

  2. Agglutinins

  3. Rh antibodies

  4. ABO antibodies.

Show answer
Correct Option: C

Like sickle cell anemia, which is the other generic disorder related to blood pigment?

biology transportation in plants and animals blood transfusion transfusion of blood blood and organ donation

  1. Phenylketoneunia

  2. Leukemia

  3. Thalassemia

  4. Xeroderma pigmentosis

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Thalassemia is a human anaemia due to an autosomal mutant gene and when this change is present in the homozygous condition, the trait is severe thalassemia major and causes death in childhood.
The heterozygous individuals show a mild disease also known as thalassemia minor.
The person suffering from thalassemia major are unable to produce a beta chain. Their haemoglobin contains delta change like that of the foetus and it is unable to carry oxygen transport.
So, the correct option is 'thalassemia.'


The disease erythroblastosis foetalis of human baby is due to

biology transportation in plants and animals blood transfusion transfusion of blood blood and organ donation

  1. Incompatibility of blood groups of the couple

  2. Incompatibility of blood groups of embryo and mother

  3. Maladjustment of Rh factor

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The disease erythroblastosis fetalis of human baby occurs due to incompatibility or maladjustment of Rh factor. It occurs when a Rh+ father and Rh-- conceive a baby. During the time of delivery, some of the blood cells from baby enter the mother's blood stream. The immune system of mother will the recognize the cells as foreign particles and produces antibodies against them. In the subsequent pregnancy with Rh+ baby, there are chances of Rh disease. The blood circulation of mother and baby is separated but still the antibodies of mother's body can cross the placenta and enter the blood stream of baby. The antibodies cause breakdown of RBCs of the baby leading to anaemia and ultimately death. So the problem does not arises at the time of birth of first child but in subsequent pregnancy, there is risk of erythroblastosis fetalis. 
So, the correct answer is 'Maladjustment of Rh factor'.

Donors and recipients in a blood transfusion process can be

biology transportation in plants and animals blood transfusion transfusion of blood blood and organ donation

  1. Only father and son

  2. Only brother and sister

  3. Only maternal uncle and niece

  4. All the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Donors and recipients in a blood transfusion process can be : father and son, brother and sister and maternal uncle and niece. This kind of blood transfusions are maximum compatible.

Donors and recipients of blood transfusion can be

biology transportation in plants and animals blood transfusion transfusion of blood blood and organ donation

  1. Only father and son

  2. Only brother and sister

  3. Only maternal uncle and niece

  4. All the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In the blood transfusion process, transfer of blood is possible between son and father, brother and sister, maternal uncle and niece.

So, the correct option is ‘All the above’.

Which blood group an safely be transfused in emergency when there is no time to analyse the blood group of recipient?

biology transportation in plants and animals blood transfusion transfusion of blood blood and organ donation

  1. O and $Rh^-$

  2. O and $Rh^+$

  3. B and $Rh^-$

  4. AB and $Rh^+$.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Individuals with type O blood do not produce ABO antigens.  Therefore, their blood normally will not be rejected when it is given to others with different ABO types.  As a result, type O people are universal donors for transfusions, but they can receive only type O blood themselves.

So, the correct option is O and Rh-.'.

AIDS can spread from an infected person to another person through

biology transportation in plants and animals blood transfusion transfusion of blood blood and organ donation

  1. Sharing food

  2. Blood transfusion

  3. Sharing comb

  4. A mosquito bite

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

HIV infection leading to AIDS  can be transmitted through the blood transfusion because HIV virus infects blood and multiplies in blood cells only.