Tag: human genome project and dna fingerprinting

Questions Related to human genome project and dna fingerprinting

DNA fingerprinting is useful for the study of 

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  1. Polymorphism

  2. Forensics

  3. Identity and relationship

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

DNA or genetic fingerprinting relies on the principle that no two individuals share the same genetic code except for identical twins. DNA fingerprinting uses the pattern of DNA fragments caused by specific enzymes to identify individual organisms: humans, other animals, plants or any other organism with DNA. DNA fingerprinting is useful in paternity analysis, criminal cases, and many studies of ecology and evolution.

Which is the most reliable method for identifying a person?

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  1. Karyotype examination

  2. DNA fingerprinting

  3. Antibody fingerprinting

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Fingerprinting is a very useful method in identification of a person. A fingerprint is unique to an individual and is permanent. The best method is DNA fingerprinting. One of the most common DNA fingerprinting procedures is RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism). Special enzymes are used to cut segments of a sample from which DNA is extracted. The procedure of RFLP focuses on repetitious sequences of DNA bases which vary greatly from individual to individual.

DNA fingerprinting technique was first developed by 

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  1. Boysen and Jensen

  2. Jeffreys, Wilson and Thien

  3. Schleiden and Schwann

  4. Edward and Steptoe

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
British geneticist Sir Alec Jeffrey is widely considered the father of DNA fingerprinting – a technique that has revolutionized forensic science. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Which one of the following, scientists developed the process of DNA fingerprinting?

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  1. Kary B. Mullis

  2. T. H. Morgan

  3. H. O. Smith

  4. Alec Jeffreys

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In 1984, Alec Jeffreys discovered the technique of genetic fingerprinting in a laboratory in the Department of Genetics at the University of Leicester. Professor Sir Alec John Jeffreys, FRS is a British geneticist, who developed techniques for DNA fingerprinting and DNA profiling which are now used all over the world in forensic science to assist police detective work.

DNA profiling can be carried out using

zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

  1. Blood

  2. Saliva

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

DNA profiling can be carried out using a sample such as blood, saliva, semen or other appropriate fluid or tissue from personal items (e.g., a toothbrush, razor) or from stored samples (e.g., banked sperm or biopsy tissue). Samples obtained from blood relatives (related by birth, not marriage) can provide an indication of an individual's profile, as could human remains that had been previously profiled.

Which one of the following scientists developed the process of DNA fingerprinting?

zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

  1. Kary B. Mullis

  2. T. H. Morgan

  3. H. O. Smith

  4. Alec Jeffreys

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Sir Alec Jeffreys, professor of genetics is the pioneer of DNA profiling. DNA profiling (also called as DNA fingerprinting) is a forensic technique used to identify individuals by characteristics of their DNA.

The commonly used DNA fingerprinting technique in forensic science study is

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  1. Southern blotting

  2. Northern blotting

  3. Eastern blotting

  4. Western blotting

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Southern blotting and hybridization with probes can be used to locate a few specific fragments in a large pool of DNA. Southern blotting (named after Edwin M. Southern) is one technique used to transfer the denatured, single-stranded fragments from a gel to a thin solid medium.

DNA fingerprinting is useful for the study of

zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

  1. Forensic science

  2. Identity

  3. Relationship

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

DNA fingerprinting is a method used in the identification of the genetic information (DNA) in a person's cell. It is a forensic technique used to identify an individual by the characteristics of the DNA. It is also useful to identify the identity and relation of an individual with others.

The technique used to increase the amount of DNA available for analysis is
I. Cloning a plasmid
II. Gel electrophoresis
III. PCR

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  1. II only

  2. I and II

  3. I and III

  4. II and III

  5. I, II, and III

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used in molecular biology to amplify a single copy of DNA to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence. 
Molecular cloning is a method used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms to increase the number of recombinant DNA molecule. Here, the DNA can be cloned in a plasmid (extracellular DNA).
Thus, the correct answer is option C.


Which of the following is not required for any of the techniques of DNA finger printing available at present

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  1. DNA-DNA hybridisation

  2. Polymerase chain reaction

  3. Zinc finger analysis

  4. Restriction enzymes

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A zinc finger is a small protein structural motif that is characterized by the coordination of one or more zinc ions (Zn2+) in order to stabilize the fold. This proves that it does not require any DNA fingerprinting techniques.
So the correct option is 'Zinc finger analysis'.