Tag: human genome project

Questions Related to human genome project

Which out of the following statements is incorrect?

zoology molecular basis of inheritance genome projects human genome project human genome project and dna fingerprinting

  1. Genetic code is ambiguous.

  2. Genetic code is degenerate.

  3. Genetic code is universal.

  4. Genetic code is non-overlapping.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Since there are 64 triplet codons and only 20 amino acids, genetic code is non-ambiguous. Non-ambiguous code means that there is no ambiguity about a particular code. One codon specifies only one amino acid and not any other except GUG which normally codes for valine but in certain conditions it also codes for N-formyl methionine as initiation codon.

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given, Human genome consists of approximately

zoology molecular basis of inheritance genome projects human genome project human genome project and dna fingerprinting

  1. $3 \, \times \, 10^9$ bp

  2. $6 \, \times \, 10^9$ bp

  3. 20,000 + 25,000 bp

  4. $2.2 \, \times \, 10^4$ bp

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
The human genome contains 23 chromosomes. The DNA in the haploid set contains 3 billion base pairs.
So, the correct answer is '($3\, \times \,10^9$ bp)'

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given :
Which of the following statements regarding human genome is incorrect?

zoology molecular basis of inheritance genome projects human genome project human genome project and dna fingerprinting

  1. Human genome consists of $3 \, \times \, 10^9$ bp and about 20,500 genes.

  2. The average gene size is 3000 bop and dystrophin is the largest known human gene.

  3. Chromosome 1 contains maximum (2968) number of genes and Y-chrbmosome has the least (231) number of genes.

  4. Repeated (or repetitive) sequences are not present in human genome.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Repeated or repetitive sequences make up large portion of human genome. Repetitive sequences are nucleotide sequences that are repeated many times, sometimes hundred to thousand times. They have no direct coding function but provide information as to chromosome structure, dynamics and evolution. Approximately 1 million copies of short 5-8 base pair repeated sequences are clustered around centromeres and near the ends of chromosomes. They represent junk DNA. 

So, the correct answer is 'Repeated (or repetitive) sequences are not present in human genome'.

All living organism present past and future are 

zoology molecular basis of inheritance genome projects human genome project human genome project and dna fingerprinting

  1. Not linked to any extent

  2. Linked to one another in their cell membrane

  3. Linked to one another by the sharing of the common genetic materials ,but to varying degrees

  4. Linked to another by the sharing of the common genetic material to $100\%$ extent

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

All living organisms—present, past and future are linked to one another by the sharing of the common genetic material, but to varying degrees.

The genetic material of living organisms undergoes mutations and reshuffling of genes. This causes variations in the genetic material. Variations are so abundant that no two individuals of the same race are exactly similar.
So the answer is 'Linked to one another by the sharing of the common genetic materials, but to varying degrees'. 

Which of the following is an application  of human genome project?

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  1. Understanding of phylogenetic disorder

  2. Improvement in gene therapy

  3. Understanding of mutation concept

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D

The genome of Caenorhabditis elgans consists of

zoology molecular basis of inheritance genome projects human genome project human genome project and dna fingerprinting

  1. 3 billion base pairs and 30,000 genes

  2. 180 million base pairs and 13,000 genes

  3. 4.7 million base pairs and 4,000 genes

  4. 97 million base pairs and 18,000 genes

  5. 12 million base pairs and 6,000 genes

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Correct Option: D

Number of genes believed to be present in a human being is

zoology molecular basis of inheritance genome projects human genome project human genome project and dna fingerprinting

  1. 1000

  2. 10,000

  3. 100,000

  4. 1,000,000

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The human genome consists of 50,000 to 100,000 genes located on 23 pairs of chromosomes. One chromosome in each pair is inherited from the mother, the other from the father. Each chromosome contains a long molecule of DNA, the chemical of which genes are made. 

So, the correct answer is '100,000.'

Genetic code translates the language of __________________.

zoology molecular basis of inheritance genome projects human genome project human genome project and dna fingerprinting

  1. Amino acids into that of RNA

  2. RNA into that of protein

  3. Protein into that of DNA

  4. RNA into that of DNA

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Correct Option: B

Nucleotide pairs present in human genes vary between

zoology molecular basis of inheritance genome projects human genome project human genome project and dna fingerprinting

  1. 100 - 1000

  2. 500 - 5000

  3. 2000 - 2,000,000

  4. 10,000 - 10,000,000

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The human genome consists of 50,000 to 100,000 genes located on 23 pairs of chromosomes. One chromosome in each pair is inherited from the mother, the other from the father. Each chromosome contains a long molecule of DNA, the chemical of which genes are made. Genes are of differing length, ranging in size from roughly 2,000 to as many as 2,000,000 base pairs. 

So, the correct answer is '2000-2,000,000.'

Total number of base pairs found in human genome is?

zoology molecular basis of inheritance genome projects human genome project human genome project and dna fingerprinting

  1. $3.5$ million

  2. $35000$

  3. $35$ billion

  4. $3.1$ billion

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
The human genome of Homo sapiens is stored on 23 chromosome pairs. 22 of these are autosomal chromosome pairs, while the remaining pair is sex-determining. The haploid human genome occupies a total of just over 3 billion DNA base pairs that means 6 billion base pairs per diploid cell.
So, the correct answer is '3.1 billion'.