Tag: rocks and minerals

Questions Related to rocks and minerals

Common method of manufacturing synthetic petrol is/are:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. Fischer Tropsch conversion

  2. Methanol to gasoline conversion

  3. Coal liquefaction

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Common methods for manufacturing Synthetic fuels include the Fischer Tropsch conversion, methanol to gasoline conversion or direct coal liquefaction.

The correct relation of the Octane number for the following is:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. straight chain $>$ branched chain

  2. straight chain $<$ branched chain

  3. straight chain $=$ branched chain

  4. both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The octane number of a fuel is based on how fuels auto-ignite, under compression.

1. It is based on the scale where isooctane is 100 (minimal ignition under pressure) and heptane is 0 (easily ignites under pressure).

2. Octane rating decreases with an increase in the carbon chain length.

3. Octane ratings increase with carbon chain branching.

4. Octane ratings increase in aromatics with the same number of carbons.

Hence, the correct option is $B$.

Raman took fuel for his vehicles from two petrol pumps $A$ and $B$ and found that the fuel from pump A caused more noise than that from pump B.Choose the correct relation of octane no.

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. Octane no(A)>Octane no(B)

  2. Octane no(B)>Octane no(A)

  3. Octane no(A)=Octane no(B)

  4. can't be predicted

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Octane number $\propto$ 1/knocking tendency

So, more the octane number, lesser the knocking tendency, and hence less is the noise.

Which of the following is not produced in Hydrocracking?

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. Jet fuel

  2. Diesel

  3. Petrol

  4. LPG

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The major products from hydrocracking are jet fuel and diesel, but low sulphur naphtha fractions and LPG are also produced. All these products have a very low content of sulphur and other contaminants.

The highest value of octane number among the following is of:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. n-butane

  2. toluene

  3. i-pentane

  4. octane

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Octane number is a standard measure of the performance of an engine or aviation fuel. The higher the octane number a fuel has, more compression the fuel can withstand before igniting. Also, higher the octane number, better is the performance of the fuel.
In the given options, toluene has the highest octane number.

Which among the given examples, is not used as oxygenates?

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. MEG

  2. Ethanal

  3. MTBE

  4. TAME

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Oxygenates are the chemical compounds containing oxygen.
  • They are usually employed as gasoline additives.
  • Commonly used oxygenates are alcohols or ethers.
  • Here, ethanal, MTBE and TAME are ethers. Thus, MEG (Mono ethylene glycol) is not used as oxygenates.   

Crude oil is converted in to useful products by:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. drilling

  2. Solvay process

  3. roasting

  4. refining

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Crude oil in the raw form is obtained by drilling from the earth's crust. It has to be refined in order to convert it to useful products such as petrol, kerosene, diesel etc. The industrial plant where the refining of crude oil is done is called  an oil refinery. 

Which of the following is not an important refinery process for upgrading the quality of lubrication oil?

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. solvent refining

  2. deoiling

  3. clay treatment

  4. hydrotreatment

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In the refinery for lubricating oil, solvent refining, clay treatment and hydrotreatment are the important processes. The solvent used for refining purpose has to be pure. Clay treatment is done to remove colour, odour and sulphur from the oil. 

Flash point of atmospheric distillation residue is determined by ______apparates.

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. cleveland(open cup type)

  2. abel

  3. pensky-martens

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Cleveland is an open cup apparatus is also known as open cup tester. In this, the cup is first filled with the product to a certain level. Then the temperature is raised rapidly and then at a slow constant rate as it approaches the theoretical flashpoint. The lowest temperature at which a small test flame passing over the liquid ignites the vapour is considered chemical's flashpoint.


It is used for determining flashpoint of atmospheric distillation.

Hence, the correct option is $\text{A}$

When earth's crust is drilled, hydrocarbon came out first is:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. petroleum

  2. methane

  3. ethane

  4. butane

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Hydrocarbon is a compound containing carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms. Methane is the hydrocarbon found in the earth's crust. It is the simplest hydrocarbon. It is mainly used as fuel.