Tag: dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants

Questions Related to dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants

Taking the reaction $x+2y\rightarrow$ prodcuts, to be of second order, which of the following are the rate law expressions for the reaction :


(I) $\cfrac{dx}{dt}=K[x][y]$  (II) $\cfrac{dx}{dt}=K[x]{[y}]^{2}$

(III) $\cfrac{dx}{dt}=k{[x]}^{2}$  (IV) $\cfrac{dx}{dt}=K[x]+K{[y]}^{2}$

chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

  1. I only

  2. I and III only

  3. I and II only

  4. I and IV only

Show answer
Correct Option: C

The rate of formation of ${SO} _{3}$ in the reaction $2{SO} _{2}+{O} _{2}\rightarrow 2{SO} _{3}$ is $100g{min}^{-1}$. Hence, rate of disappearance of ${O} _{2}$ is

chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

  1. $50g{min}^{-1}$

  2. $100g{min}^{-1}$

  3. $20g{min}^{-1}$

  4. $40g{min}^{-1}$

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Reaction $A+B\longrightarrow C+D$ follows rate law, $r=k{ \left[ A \right]  }^{ 1/2 }{ \left[ B \right]  }^{ 1/2 }$ starting with $1M$ of $A$ and $B$ each. What is the time taken for concentration of $A$ become $0.1M$?
[Given $2.303\times { 10 }^{ -2 }sec^{ -1 }$].

chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

  1. $10sec$

  2. $100sec$

  3. $1000sec$

  4. $434sec$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The rate constant is $2.303\times { 10 }^{ -2 }sec^{ -1 }$. The overall reaction order is 1.


$t = \dfrac {2.303}{k}log \dfrac {a}{a-x}$

$t = \dfrac {2.303}{2.303 \times 10^{-2}}log \dfrac {1}{0.1}=100$

Hence, the time taken to consume 90% of concentration is 100 sec.

The reaction, $CH _3COOC _2H _5+NaOH\rightarrow CH _3COONa+C _2H _5OH$ is:

chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

  1. bimolecular reaction

  2. second order reaction

  3. third order reaction

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A,B
Explanation:

The reaction, $CH _3COOC _2H _5+NaOH\rightarrow CH _3COONa+C _2H _5OH$ is bimolecular and second order reaction,as it contains two diiferent types of molecules.
Rate = $ k$ [$CH _3COOC _2H _5$] [$NaOH$]

For the reaction: $2NO+Cl _2\rightarrow 2NOCl$, the following mechanism was proposed on the basis of experimental observation.
$NO+Cl _2\overset {Fast}{\rightleftharpoons}NOCl _2$
$NOCl _2+NO\xrightarrow {Slow}2NOBr$
The order of reaction is:

chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

  1. 2nd order

  2. pseudo 2nd order

  3. 3rd order

  4. first order

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

From the slow step, the rate law for the reaction is rate $\displaystyle = k' [NOCl _2][NO]$.....(1)


 $\displaystyle NOCl _2$ is an intermediate and its concentration is obtained from fast step (equilibrium step)

 $\displaystyle [NOCl _2] = K[NO][Cl _2]$......(2)

Substitute (2) in (1)
 $\displaystyle rate = k'K [NO][Cl _2][NO]$

Hence, rate $\displaystyle = k [NO]^2[Cl]$

The reaction is of second order in NO and first order in $\displaystyle Cl _2$. The overall reaction order is  $\displaystyle 2 + 1 = 3$

The unit of rate constant for a given reaction is $M^{1-n}L^{n-1}t^{-1}$ where n is order of reaction.

chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The statement is true. The unit of rate constant for a given reaction is  $M^{1-n}L^{n-1}t^{-1}$ where $n$ is order of reaction.It is generally form for expressing rate constant. Rates are usually given in concentrations units over time units. The units of the rate constants depend upon the order of the reaction. The concentration is molarity and time is in seconds.

A 22.4 litre flask contains 0.76 mm of ozone at $25^oC$. Calculate:
(i) the concentration of oxygen atom needed so that the reaction, $O+O _3\rightarrow 2O _2$ having rate constant equal to $1.5\times 10^7$ litre $mol^{-1} sec^{-1}$ can proceed with a rate of 0.15 mol $litre^{-1} sec^{-1}$
(ii) the rate of formation of oxygen under this condition.

chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

  1. (i) $2.45\times 10^{-4}$, (ii) $0.30 mol L^{-1} t^{-1}$

  2. (i) $4.9\times 10^{-4}$, (ii) $0.60 mol L^{-1} t^{-1}$

  3. (i) $2.45\times 10^{-5}$, (ii) $0.30 mol L^{-1} t^{-1}$

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$\displaystyle [O _3] = \frac {P}{RT} = \frac {0.76}{760 \times 0.0821 \times 298} = 4.08 \times 10^{-5} $
$\displaystyle [O] = \frac {rate}{k \times [O _3]} = \frac {0.15}{1.5 \times 10^{7} \times 4.08 \times 10^{-5} = 2.45 \times 10^{-4}  }$
The rate of formation of oxygen under this condition is equal to twice the rate of the reaction.
It is equal to $\displaystyle 2 \times 0.15 : mol litre^{-1} sec^{-1} = 0.30 : mol litre^{-1} sec^{-1} $

The unit and value of rate constant and that of rate of reaction are same for:

chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

  1. first order

  2. zero order

  3. second order

  4. all are wrong

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

As we know,
For zero order reaction, $\frac {dx}{dt}=K$.
so, unit and value of rate constant and that of rate of reaction are same for zero order.

The rate constant of $n^{th}$ order has units:

chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

  1. $Litre^{-1} mol^{1-n} sec^{-1}$

  2. $Mol^{1-n} litre^{1-n} sec^{-1}$

  3. $Mol^{1-n} litre^{n-1} sec^{-1}$

  4. $Mol^{1-n^{2}} litre^{n^{2}} sec^{-1}$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

As we know,
For nth order; unit of rate constant may be derived by
$K=\frac {rate}{[reactant]^n}$
$=Mol^{1-n} litre^{n-1} sec^{-1}$

A reaction proceeds in three stages. The first stage is slow and involves two molecules of reactants. The second and third stage are fast. The overall order of the reaction is:

chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

  1. first order

  2. second order

  3. third order

  4. zero order

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The overall order of the reaction is second order.
Reactions are proceeded in many steps, it does not means that no. of step will be equal to order of reaction. But rate is determined only by slow step of mechanism.