Tag: industrial chemicals and their harmful effects

Questions Related to industrial chemicals and their harmful effects

The process of accumulation of pesticides in a biological system is known as 

zoology soil pollution industrial chemicals and their harmful effects toxic wastes and their effects soil pollution-causes

  1. Bioaccumulation

  2. Bioconcentration

  3. Bioremediation

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The accumulation of chemicals in the living cells is known as bioaccumulation. When there is excessive use of the pesticides for the protection of fruits and vegetables against the harmful pests, this may lead to its accumulation in the food products. When these products are consumed, the chemicals deposit in the fatty tissues of the host. This phenomenon is called bioaccumulation of the chemicals in the living system.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Development of resistant strains of target pest is a

zoology soil pollution industrial chemicals and their harmful effects toxic wastes and their effects soil pollution-causes

  1. Positive effect of  bimagnification

  2.  Negative impact of pesticides

  3.  Negative impact of population

  4. Positive effect of using biosensor

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Correct Option: B

Integrated pest management aims at 

zoology soil pollution industrial chemicals and their harmful effects toxic wastes and their effects soil pollution-causes

  1. Controlling the number of pest

  2. Decreasing the development of pests resistance

  3. Increasing the pest resistance capability

  4. Both A and B

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Correct Option: D

.........., a related phenomenon, occurs when the genetic mutation that made the pest resistant to one pesticide also makes it resistant to others

zoology soil pollution industrial chemicals and their harmful effects toxic wastes and their effects soil pollution-causes

  1. Multiple resistance

  2. Cross-resistance

  3. Mutation

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
In multiple resistance the pests are resistant to more than one class of pesticide. This can happen when pesticides are used in sequence, with a new class replacing one to which pests display resistance with another.
Cross resistance occurs when the genetic mutation that made the pest resistant to one pesticide also makes it resistant to others, often those with a similar mechanism of action.
Mutation is the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form which may be transmitted to subsequent generations.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Which of the following is involved in inhibition of growth of plants which is produced due to human activities?

zoology soil pollution industrial chemicals and their harmful effects toxic wastes and their effects soil pollution-causes

  1. Auxins

  2. Phytotoxin

  3. Mycotoxins

  4. Antitoxins

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Auxin is a plant hormone which causes the elongation of cells in shoots and is involved in regulating plant growth.
Phytotoxins refers to substances that are inhibitory to the growth of or poisonous to plants. Phytotoxic substances may result from human activity, as with herbicides, or they may be produced by plants, by microorganisms, or by naturally occurring chemical reactions.
Mycotoxins are toxic chemical products produced by fungi that readily colonize crops.
Antitoxins are antibodies that counteracts a toxin.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Which of the following has the potential of thyroid disruption properties in rodents?

zoology soil pollution industrial chemicals and their harmful effects toxic wastes and their effects soil pollution-causes

  1. Atrazine

  2. Carbamate

  3. Triazole

  4. Both B and C

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Correct Option: D

Resistance to insecticides was first documented by

zoology soil pollution industrial chemicals and their harmful effects toxic wastes and their effects soil pollution-causes

  1. J.C bose

  2. A.K Chakraborty

  3. A. L. Melander

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: C

Spraying of D.D.T. on crops produces pollution of

zoology soil pollution industrial chemicals and their harmful effects toxic wastes and their effects soil pollution-causes

  1. Air only

  2. Air and soil only

  3. Air, soil and water

  4. Air and water only

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Some of the common pollutants are non biodegradable, e.g : persistent pesticides like organochlorine or chlorinated hydrocarbons like DDT. These chemicals pass into food chains and increase in amount per unit weight of organisms with the rise in trophic level due to their accumulation in animal fats. Higher the trophic level of an organism in the food chain, greater will be the accumulation of pollutant. As these chemicals are persistent and non biodegradable, they pollute air, soil and water and in which ever organism they reach they simply keep on increasing in concentration. The phenomenon is called biomagnification. 

The pesticide used as preventive measure in buildings is

zoology soil pollution industrial chemicals and their harmful effects toxic wastes and their effects soil pollution-causes

  1. Aldrin

  2. Dieldrin

  3. Endrin

  4. DDT

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pesticides are important pollutants of soil. They include insecticides, fungicides, algicides, rodenticides and weedicides. Pesticides are generally broad spectrum and function as biocides. Organochlorines and chlorinated hydrocarbons are an important class of pesticides. The important ones are dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), Benzene hexachloride (BHC), aldrin, dieldrin and endrin. They are persistent, fat soluble, and show biomagnification and hence, are harmful to higher trophic level of organisms. Aldrin was used in buildings to protect against insects, such as termites.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Among pesticides, zinc phosphide is used for 

zoology soil pollution industrial chemicals and their harmful effects toxic wastes and their effects soil pollution-causes

  1. As rodenticide bait

  2. Fumigation

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Zinc phosphide is a highly potent rodenticide. It has a wide range of uses commercially and residentially, including the protection of food crops and grasses. As a rodenticide, it can kill mice and voles and also be used as a fumigant in storehouse to control post - harvest pests such as rice weevils, grannary weevils, wheat moths, cotton red bollworms etc.