Tag: organisms and environment

Questions Related to organisms and environment

Which of the following is an ecosystem service provided by a natural ecosystem?

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Cycling of nutrients

  2. Prevention of soil erosion

  3. Pollutant absorption and reduction of the threat of global warming

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The products of ecosystem processes which have environmental aesthetic and indirect economic value are named as ecosystem services. Soil formation and soil protection are the major ecosystem services accounting for nearly 50% of their total worth. Plant cover protects the soil from drastic changes in temperature. There is little wind or water erosion as soil particles are not exposed to them. The soil remains spongy and fertile. There are no landslides and no floods. The plant cover of natural ecosystem absorbs polluting gases, causes settling of suspended particulate matter, removes CO2 and releases O2. Purified air becomes available. There is no overall depletion of nutrients as the same as repeatedly circulated and recirculated. This keeps the fertility of soil intact.

So, the correct answer 'All of the above'.

The minimum temperature in the sea is .......... , while in freshwater ponds it never goes below ..........

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. -3$^o$C, 0$^o$C

  2. -10$^o$C, -4$^o$C

  3. 20$^o$C, -10$^o$C

  4. 25$^o$C, -100$^o$C

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The temperature of the surface waters varies mainly with latitude. The polar seas (high latitude) can be as cold as -2 degrees Celsius (28.4 degrees Fahrenheit), while the Persian Gulf (low latitude) can be as warm as 36 degrees Celsius (96.8 degrees Fahrenheit).
Temperature varies in ponds and lakes seasonally. During the summer, the temperature can range from $4^0$C near the bottom to $22^0$C at the top. During the winter, the temperature at the bottom can be $4^0$C, while the top is $0^0$C (ice).

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Aquatic and terrestrial animals need sulphur and nitrogen to

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Grow

  2. Transpire

  3. Evaporate

  4. Photosynthesis

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Scientists are able to determine the air temperature in the thermosphere by:

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Using radiosondes

  2. Using temperature probes in orbiting satellites

  3. Observing changes in satellite orbits

  4. Direct measurements in manned, high-altitude balloons

Show answer
Correct Option: C

Initial causes of ecological succession includes:

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Climatic and Biotic factors

  2. Abiotic Factors

  3. Water Vapours

  4. Air Precipitation

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Ecotype is a type of species in which environmentally induced variations are

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Temporary

  2. Genetically fixed

  3. Genetically not related

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B

Non living things in an environment is known as

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Biotic Factors

  2. Abiotic Factors

  3. Biotic and abiotic factors

  4. All of above

Show answer
Correct Option: B

Which of the following is not properly matched?

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Formaldehyde- Carcinogenic

  2. Sulphur dioxide - Respiratory problems

  3. Nitrogen oxide - Brown air

  4. Mean annual temperature - $25^o$C

  5. Photochemical smog - Grey air

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Mean annual temperature is calculated by subtracting the lowest recorded temperature from the highest recorded temperature of the of the day. It can vary depending on the weather and climate of an area.

A. Formaldehyde has been classified as cancer causing agent by the EPA. It has shown leukaemia incidences.
B. Sulphur dioxide is responsible for the respiratory tract diseases like asthma, bronchitis etc.
C. Nitrogen oxide is called the brown air because of the change in frequencies of absorption of light when nitrogen combines with the oxygen.
D. Mean annual temperature can vary depending on the weather and climatic conditions.
E. Photochemical smog forms grey air due to the formation of ozone and PAN that decreases the visibility.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Mean annual temperature - 25$^{o}$C'

In what way a plant growing on a forest floor is adapted for its survival?

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Has shallow roots

  2. Requires low light

  3. Has a deep ta root

  4. Requires strong light

  5. Requires moist soil

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Plants growing on the forest floor (understorey) are adapted to lower Sunlight intensity or are shade loving. This is because, the dense canopy does not allow enough light to penetrate through and reach the forest floor. Light is the limiting factor for these plants and therefore, they are adapted to survive under low light conditions. Moisture availability and related adaptations are not of consideration. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

The ultimate energy source of all ecosystems is?

biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Producers

  2. Organic molecules

  3. Carbohydrate

  4. Solar radiation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 The Sun is the major source of energy for organisms and the ecosystems of which they are a part. Producers such as plants, algae, and cyanobacteria use the energy from sunlight to make organic matter from carbon dioxide and water. This establishes the beginning of energy flow through almost all food webs. The continual input of energy, mostly from sunlight, sustains the process of life. Sunlight allows plants, algae and cyanobacteria to use photosynthesis to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic compounds like carbohydrates. This process is the fundamental source of organic material in the biosphere. The overall productivity of an ecosystem is controlled by the total energy available.

So the correct option is 'solar radiation'.