Tag: organisms and environment

Questions Related to organisms and environment

Out of the total proposed cost of various ecosystem services, cost of climate regulations and habitat for wildlife are.

biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. $50\%$

  2. $10\%$

  3. $6\%$

  4. $25\%$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Robert Constanza and his colleagues have put the value of ecosystem services to $33$ trillion dollars a year. Out of which $50\%$ is proposed for formation of soil, prevention of flood and mitigating droughts. The value of $10\%$ each for nutrient cycle and recreation and $6\%$ for climate regulation and habitat preservation for wild flora and fauna has been proposed.

Edaphic factor refers to.

biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Water

  2. Soil

  3. Relative humidity

  4. Altitude

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Edaphic factors are classified under the abiotic factors affecting an ecosystem. Edaphic factors include factors of soil, e.g., soil texture, substratum, topography, mineral composition, pH, etc. These factors can influence the distribution and interrelationships of organisms, as well as rate of decomposition.

Life arose in

biology the habitat of living climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Soil

  2. Fresh water

  3. Marine water

  4. Air

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

We know that the environment we live in is made up of 2 components, namely living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic). Different theories were proposed to study the origin of the wife. But they lead to the conclusion that life had originated on earth in seawater and marine organisms were one of the first to emerge. In earth's early atmosphere, there was no ozone layer, thus the UV rays of the sun could directly reach the earth. As living organisms cannot survive UV radiation directly, many scientists believed that life originated in aquatic habitats. Apart from this, different requirements of these early organisms were also fulfilled in the deep-sea vents. 

Thus, option C 'Marine Water' is the correct option.

Terrestrial life would become impossible with

biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Disappearance of moon

  2. Decrease in mean annual temperature by $10^o C$

  3. Change in orbit of earth

  4. Change in atmosphere permitting all solar radiations to reach lithosphere

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The total amount of solar radiation reaching to the lithosphere do not enter the surface of the earth as it would heat up the earth making it unsuitable for any life. Therefore, 35% of the solar radiation are reflected back to the space.

So, the correct answer is option D.

The source of energy in an ecosystem is

biology the habitat of living climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Sun

  2. Decayed bodies

  3. Green plants

  4. Sugar

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Every living being on planet earth gets energy directly from the sunlight. Plants use it to manufacture food and other animals use the food manufactured by plants.

The abiotic factors of the environment are
I. Temperature
II. Humidity
III. Vegetation

biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. I only

  2. II only

  3. III only

  4. I and II only

  5. I, II and III

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

An ecosystem is made up of abiotic components or abiotic factors which are non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems. Abiotic factors include water, light, radiation, temperature, humidity, atmosphere and soil. 

Biotic components are the living things that shape an ecosystem. Biotic components usually include Producers (vegetation), Consumers and Decomposers. Therefore only temperature and humidity are included under Abiotic factors. Hence, the correct answer is option D.

All of these are examples of abiotic factors except 

biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Mushrooms 

  2. Soil type

  3. Average yearly rainfall

  4. Sunlight

  5. Relative humidity

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
The environment is a complex of many factors which surround an organism. These factors are known as environmental factors or ecological factors which may be either living or biotic and non-living or biotic. 
Biotic factors include plants, animals, microbes etc.
Abiotic factors are the non-living factors, substances, and conditions of the environment which influence the physiology, survival, function, and reproduction of organisms. These factors are divided as:
1. Direct factors- For example, light, temperature, humidity of the air, soil air, soil water, soil nutrients etc.
2. Indirect factors- For example, soil structure, soil organisms, altitude, wind, slopes etc.
Hence, Mushrooms will be included under biotic factors and soil type, average yearly rainfall, sunlight and relative humidity will be included under abiotic factors.
So, the correct answer is 'Mushrooms'.

Which of the following is not a property of water?

biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. It becomes more dense when it freezes.

  2. It dissolves molecules in the air.

  3. It absorbs heat when the hydrogen bonds break.

  4. It forms hydrogen bonds with other water molecules to create surface tension.

  5. It form hydrogen bonds with other molecules by adhesion.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A. When water freezes, it is converted into ice. Ice has a cage like structure and thus, its density is less than water. Hence, water becomes less dense when it freezes.
B. Water is a polar solvent and thus, many gases are soluble in water. Hence, it dissolves molecules in the air.
C. Water has high energy hydrogen bonds. When these bonds break, heat is released which is absorbed by the water due to its high specific heat capacity.
D. Surface tension is interaction between water molecules which results due to formation of hydrogen bonds between water molecules.
E. Adhesion is the force of attraction between different molecules. Water can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules and this is called adhesion.
Hence, statement A is incorrect.
So, the correct answer is 'It becomes more dense when it freezes'.

All of these are considered ecosystem services except

biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Water purification

  2. Nutrient cycling

  3. Crop pollination

  4. Waste decomposition

  5. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:
The benefits obtained from ecosystem are considered as ecosystem services.
A. As the polluted and wastewater flows through wetlands and forests, it gets filtered and cleaned naturally.
B. Pollination is the transfer of pollen grain from anther to the sigma. Pollinators such as bees, butterflies, birds etc. aid in pollination.
C. Waste decomposition is the breakdown of complex organic materials into simpler ones by the action of microorganisms (detritivores).
D. Nutrient cycling is the exchange and movement of organic matter within the ecosystem.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Which of these is an example of an abiotic factor?
I.    Crickets
II.   Rainfall
Ill.  Shark

biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. I only

  2. II only

  3. III only

  4. I and III only

  5. I, II and III

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Abiotic factors are the non living factors, substances and conditions of the environment which influence the physiology, survival, function, behaviour and reproduction of organisms. The major abiotic factors are temperature, water, light and soil. 
Hence among all the options given in the question, rainfall is the abiotic factor while crickets and sharks are included under biotic factors as they are living factors.
So, the correct answer is 'II only'.