Tag: cell: size and differentiation

Questions Related to cell: size and differentiation

Bacteria cell divides once in every two min and it takes 1 hr to fill half the cup. How much time it will take to fill the cup ? 
Tell me the correct answer with explanation ____________.

bio-chemistry cell structure membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. A-58 min

  2. B-62 min

  3. C-120 min

  4. D-59 min

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
It is given that the doubling time of the given bacteria is 1 minute. It means the generation time of given bacterial cells is 60 seconds. If it takes 60 minutes to fill a cup, it will take 59 minutes to fill half the cup.
At 59th minute, the cup will be half-filled and in the 60th minute, the bacterial cell will double up and cup will be full filled.
Thus, the correct answer is '59 min.'

In condensed state of mitochondria

bio-chemistry cell structure membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. ATP Synthesis is reduced

  2. Oxidative phosphorylation and ETS occurs at faster rate

  3. Intermembrane space becomes smaller

  4. Core or matrix is enlarged

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

One of the two morphological forms of a mitochondrion is 'condensed' form observed in mitochondria with high respiratory rates (ATP formation is high with increased rates of Kreb's cycle, ETS, and oxidative phosphorylation). In this type of confirmation, the matrix volume inside inner membrane is not very large causing the inner membrane to move away from outer membrane causing the intermembrane space to swell except at the site of where two are connected. Thus considering all the details about this form of the mitochondrion.

The correct answer is 'Oxidative phosphorylation and ETS occur at a faster rate'.

Cell vacuole contains which of the following?

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Water

  2. Cytoplasm

  3. Dissolved substances

  4. Water and metabolic wastes

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Plant cell vacuoles contain water and metabolic wastes. They are widely diverse in form, size, content and functional dynamics and a single cell may contain more than one kind of vacuole. In mature plant cells, vacuoles tend to be very large and are extremely important in providing structural support, as well as serving functions such as storage, waste disposal, protection, and growth. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

What is a cell sap?

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Living contents of cell

  2. Non living contents of protoplasm

  3. Non living contents of vacuole

  4. Living content of cytoplasm

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • A plant cell is characterized by a single large sap vacuole. They enclose sap or water or vacuolar fluid with dissolved inorganic and organic substances. It is surrounded by a membrane called tonoplast. 
  • Plant cell vacuole maintains osmotic pressure for turgidity and osmosis. They also store useful as well as waste orgastic substances. Plant vacuole along with the cell inclusions is the non-living component of the cell.

..........  are enclosed compartments filled with water and organic molecules.

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Vacuoles

  2. Cytoplasm

  3. Nucleotides

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Vacuoles are the membrane-bound organelle and perform various functions according to the type of cell in which they are present. Vacuoles are filled with water containing inorganic and organic molecules including enzymes in solution, though in certain cases they may contain solids which have been engulfed. The organelle has no basic shape or size, its structure varies according to the needs of the cell. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

In a plant cell, the vacuole contains which of the following?

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Water

  2. Organic substances only

  3. Inorganic substances only

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A plant cell is characterised by a single large sap vacuole. They enclose sap or water with dissolved inorganic and organic substances. It is surrounded by a membrane called as tonoplast. Plant cell vacuole maintains osmotic pressure for turgidity and osmosis. They also store useful as well as waste substances. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Tonoplast is the covering of

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Cell wall

  2. Nucleus

  3. Mitochondria

  4. Vacuole

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The plant cell usually has a single large centrally located vacuole. The tonoplast is a special term for the membrane found around plant cell vacuole. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

.......... are the storage bubbles of cells.

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Chloroplast

  2. Cytoplasm

  3. Mitochondria

  4. Vacuole

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Vacuoles are the membrane-bound storage bubbles found in cells. They are large and centrally located in plant cell whereas in animal cells either they are too small or absent .They can store food materials, waste products, water etc.

In which chromosome the centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Acrocentric

  2. Sub meta centric

  3. Meta centric

  4. Telocentric

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • A telocentric chromosome, the centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome. 
  • A telocentric chromosome has therefore only one arm.
  • Telomeres may extend from both ends of the chromosome, their shape is similar to letter I during anaphase. 
  • Hence, In the chromosome in which the centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome is Telocentric.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Telocentric'.

Select the incorrect match from the following

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Submatacentric chromosomes - L shaped chromosomes

  2. Allosomes - sex chromosomes

  3. Lampbrush - Diplotene bivalents

  4. Polytene chromosomes- oocytes of amphibians

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Metacentric Chromosomes
Metacentric chromosomes have the centromere in the center, such that both sections are of equal length. Human chromosome 1 and 3 are metacentric.

Submetacentric Chromosomes
Submetacentric chromosomes have the centromere slightly offset from the center leading to a slight asymmetry in the length of the two sections. Human chromosomes 4 through 12 are submetacentric.

Acrocentric Chromosomes
Acrocentric chromosomes have a centromere which is severely offset from the center leading to one very long and one very short section. Human chromosomes 13,15, 21, and 22 are acrocentric.

Telocentric Chromosomes
Telocentric chromosomes have the centromere at the very end of the chromosome. Humans do not possess telocentric chromosomes but they are found in other species such as mice.

So, the correct answer is 'Submetacentric chromosomes-L shaped chromosomes.'