Tag: cell: size and differentiation

Questions Related to cell: size and differentiation

Anthocyanin occurs in

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Chloroplasts

  2. Vacuole

  3. Leucoplasts

  4. Chromoplasts

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • The plant vacuoles consist of various water-soluble pigments such as carotenoids, anthocyanins and xanthophylls etc.
  • Anthocyanins are also water-soluble pigments which are red, purple, or blue in colour depending on the pH which gives colour to the flower and fruits (blueberry, raspberry etc).
  • So, the correct answer is 'Vacuoles'.

A chromosome having subterminal centromere is

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Acrocentric

  2. Submetacentric

  3. Telocentric

  4. Metacentric

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A. An acrocentric chromosome is a  chromosome in which the centromere is located near to one end of the chromosome. 

B.  A submetacentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located near the slightly away from the centre and the two arms are slightly unequal in length and form L-shape. 
C. A telocentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome and their shape is similar to the letter i.
D. Metacentric chromosomes are X-shaped chromosomes and the centromere are present in the centre so that the two arms are equal.
So, the correct answer is 'Acrocentric'.

Chromosomes appearing rod shaped during anaphase are

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Acrocentric

  2. Metacentric

  3. Submetacentric

  4. Telocentric

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A. An acrocentric chromosome is a  chromosome in which the centromere is located near to one end of the chromosome. 

B. Metacentric chromosomes are X-shaped chromosomes and the centromere are present in the centre so that the two arms are equal.
C. A submetacentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located near the slightly away from the centre and the two arms are slightly unequal in length and form L-shape. 
D. A telocentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome and their shape is similar to the letter i or is rod-shaped.
So, the correct answer is 'Telocentric'.

L-shaped chromosomes are

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Sex chromosomes

  2. Acrocentric

  3. Telocentric

  4. Submetacentric

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • A submetacentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located near the slightly away from the centre and the two arms are slightly unequal in length and form L-shape. 
  • So, the correct answer is 'Submetacentric'.

Contractile vacuoles take part in

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Storage of wastes

  2. Osmoregulation

  3. Excretion

  4. Both B and C

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • A contractile vacuole is a sub-cellular organelle found in few protozoans.
  • It is a specialized vacuole which helps in regulating the quantity of water inside cell (osmoregulation- maintaining constant osmotic pressure of the fluids of an organism).
  • It is a part of the protective mechanism which prevents the cell from absorbing too much water and also prevents the rupturing of the cell created due to excessive internal pressure.
  • It also expels out the waste material (ammonia collected from the intercellular fluid) to the cell exterior.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Both B and C'.

Vacuoles are

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Cytoplasmic organelles

  2. Non-cytoplasmic organelles

  3. Non-cytoplasmic sacs

  4. Cytoplasmic sacs

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Vacuoles are non-living and non-cytoplasmic cell inclusions present in the cytoplasm which contain inorganic and organic molecules.
  • They are present in the form of minute droplets in the cytoplasm of the cells (small vacuole filled with cell sap).
  • So, the correct answer is 'Non-cytoplasmic sacs'.

Which one does not occur in cell vacuoles?

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Hydrolytic enzymes

  2. Latex

  3. Anthocyanins

  4. DNA

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • A cell vacuole is a membrane-bound (tonoplast) organelle present in cells.
  • It forms an enclosed compartment within the cell which are filled with water, dissolved inorganic and organic molecules (enzymes)
  • They contain hydrolytic enzymes for breaking down the macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids etc.).
  • Anthocyanin is stored in the vacuoles (flowers and fruits).
  • It does not possess its own DNA as the mitochondria and chloroplasts.
  • So, the correct answer is 'DNA'.

In which type of chromosome, one arm is very long and one arm is very short

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Acrocentric

  2. Metacentric

  3. Submetacentric

  4. Telocentric.

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Number of sap vacuoles present in an animal cell is

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. One and large

  2. Many and large

  3. Many and small

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Sap vacuoles are small sac-like structures present in the cell which is filled with fluid and serves as storage of materials (cell sap).
  • It forms an enclosed compartment within the cell which are filled with water, dissolved inorganic and organic molecules (enzymes)
  • It stores food and variety of nutrients required by the cell to survive and also store waste products which protect the cell from getting contaminated.
So, the correct answer is 'Many and small'.

One type of chromosome has middle centromere whereas the other has a terminal centromere. They are

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Metacentric and acrocentric

  2. Metacentric and telocentric

  3. Submetacentric and telocentric

  4. Acrocentric and metacentric

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Metacentric chromosomes are X-shaped chromosomes and the centromere are present in the centre so that the two arms are equal.
  •  A telocentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome and their shape is similar to the letter i.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Metacentric and telocentric'.