Tag: biology

Synthetic drugs are those which are not natural and are created by processing chemical ingredients. Amphetamines is one such drug. Amphetamines affect the activity of the nervous system. They speed up the messages between the body and the brain.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Cirrhosis of liver is characterized by replacement of liver tissue by fibrosis (scar tissue) and regenerative nodules (or lumps that occur due to attempted repair of the damaged tissue). Cirrhosis is most commonly caused by alcoholism, hepatitis-B, hepatitis-C and fatty liver disease. 

Amphetamines are stimulants that increase the activity of the central nervous system. These are basically a kind of drugs that increase the activity of chemicals in the brain. So they are used to have fun, forget problems, celebrate, relieve boredom and to stay alert.

Cirrhosis is an abnormal liver condition in which there is irreversible scarring of the liver. The main causes are sustained excessive alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis B and C, and fatty liver disease, however, there are many possible causes. People with cirrhosis may develop jaundice (yellowing of the skin, eyes and tongue), itching and extreme tiredness. So, the correct answer is option B.

Korsakoff's syndrome is caused by lack of thiamine (vitamin B$ _{1}$), which affects the brain and nervous system. People who drink excessive amounts of alcohol are often thiamine deficient. This is because many heavy drinkers have poor eating habits and their diet does not contain essential vitamins and alcohol can interfere with the conversion of thiamine into the active form of the vitamin (thiamine pyrophosphate). Alcohol can inflame the stomach lining, cause frequent vomiting and make it difficult for the body to absorb the key vitamins it receives. Alcohol also makes it harder for the liver to store vitamins. Although Korsakoff's syndrome is not strictly speaking a dementia, people with this condition can experience loss of short-term memory.