Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Mobile genetic elements in maize were discovered by ___________.

biology cell biology and biotechnology agritourism biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

  1. D. Baltimore

  2. H. G. Khorana

  3. N. E. Borlaug

  4. B. McClintock

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Correct Option: A

Agro-chemical based agriculture includes

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  1. Fertilisers and pesticides

  2. Genetically modified crops

  3. RNA interference

  4. All of these.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Agrochemical based agriculture is used to increase the food production. It includes use of agrochemicals such as fertilisers and pesticides.

The Nobel Laureate, who developed semi-dwarf wheat varieties of  

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  1. Norman E Borlaug

  2. Herbert Boyer

  3. William Harvey

  4. Typhoid Mary.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • The Nobel Laureate, Norman E. Borlaug at International Centre for Wheat and Maize Improvement in Mexico , developed semi-dwarf varieties of wheat. Example; Sonalika and Kalyan Sona which are high yielding and disease resistant.
  • Herbert Boyer is a researcher in biotechnology and discovered the restriction enzymes. 
  • William Harvey is the father of circulatory system. 
  • Maer Mallon known as Typhoid Mary . She was the first carrier of the pathogen associated with typhoid fever.
So, the correct option is 'Option A' .

NaCl is harmful to most crop plants. A scientist at the University of Toronto genetically modified a plant so that it could be grown in dry parts of the world where the available water has a high level of NaCl. This genetically modified plant copes with the high levels of NaCl by transporting salt into its vacuoles where it accumulates to abnormally high levels. Which feature would be observed in the genetically modified plant when compared to a non-modified plant?

biology cell biology and biotechnology agritourism biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

  1. The leaves in the modified plant are more yellow in colour.

  2. The modified plant has salt crystals on the surface of its leaves.

  3. The Cytosol (the material between the plasma membrane and the vacuole membrane, excluding the organelles) in the modified plant has a lower osmotic pressure.

  4. The cytosol in the modified plant has a higher osmotic pressure.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Osmotic pressure is the pressure required to stop the flow of pure water or solvent into a solution across a partially permeable membrane. Water moves from a region of low osmotic pressure to a region of high osmotic pressure. As high leaves of NaCl is accumulated in the cells, of modified plant the osmotic pressure of cytosol is increased. Accumulation of salts in vacuoles causes compartmentalization of salts away from the cytosol and protects cytosol from the harmful effects of the high salt concentration. 

So, the correct answer is 'The cytosol in the modified plant has a higher osmotic pressure.'.

Breeding for disease resistance requires 

biology cell biology and biotechnology agritourism biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

  1. A good source of resistance

  2. Planned hybridisation

  3. Disease test

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
To prevent the plants from bacterial, fungal, viral infections, cultivars resistant to diseases is developed which reduce the dependence on fungicide or insecticide. Method of breeding for disease resistant involves:-
  • Screening of germplasm for resistance sources.
  • Hybridization of the selected parent.
  • Selection and evaluation of hybrids.
  • Testing and release of new varieties.
So, the correct option is 'all of the above'.

Foliar spray of which element is effective?

biology cell biology and biotechnology agritourism biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

  1. Fe

  2. Mn

  3. Cu

  4. All the above

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Foliar spray generally contains the micronutrients of Mn because there exist strong cuticular affinity for the manganese.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Mn'

Natural resistance to late blight of potato is present in

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  1. Solanum tuberosum

  2. Solanum acaule

  3. S. demissum

  4. S. stoioniferum

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Complete destruction of the potato crop by late blight caused the 'Irish potato famine' in the middle of the 19th century, led to the search for resistant plants. Single genes for resistance to late blight (R genes) were discovered nearly 100 years ago in S. demissum, a wild potato species indigenous to Mexico.

Maximum utilization techniques of biotechnology has been made in the field of

biology cell biology and biotechnology agritourism biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

  1. Agriculture

  2. Medicines

  3. Industries

  4. Biogas production

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Biotechnology is the area involving the development of living organisms by so technical applications. It uses biological systems to modify the products. It is largely used in agriculture for developing genetic engineering and new crops yields.

So, the correct option is 'Agriculture'.

The best way to prevent gum disease is to

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  1. Use a fluoride toothpaste

  2. Remove plaque

  3. Use whitening toothpaste

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a bacterial infection involving the gums and sometimes the bone that surrounds a tooth. 
  • Gum diseases can affect one tooth or many teeth, and they range from gum irritation (gingivitis) to severe infection (periodontitis). Gum infection is prevented by:
  1.   Brushing twice a day. Brush your teeth with a fluoride toothpaste such as any of the Crest Gum Detoxify toothpaste twice a day.
  2.  Use an anti-gingivitis mouthwash which kills the bacteria that causes plaque. Hence, The best way to prevent gum disease is to Use a fluoride toothpaste.
So, the correct answer is 'Use a fluoride toothpaste'.

Effects of large particle, would be mild, after trapping into:

biology hygiene - a key to healthy life community health hygiene first aid

  1. The nose

  2. The lungs

  3. The respiratory track

  4. The mouth

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Correct Option: A