Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Isografts are not rejected during a kidney transplant because the donor is 

biology excretory system of human artificial kidney kidney transplant disorders of kidney

  1. Genetically identical.

  2. Genetically dissimilar.

  3. Belongs to same species.

  4. None of the above.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Isograft is a tissue or organ transplanted from a donor to a recipient who are identical or monozygotic twins. In an isograft transplantation the chances of rejection are near to nil with identical MHCs as they are genetically identical.

So, the correct answer is 'Genetically identical.'

Which of the following cell-surface proteins encoded by HLA is estimated before the transplant before rejection?

biology excretory system of human artificial kidney kidney transplant disorders of kidney

  1. Immunoglobulins

  2. MHC

  3. APC

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: B

The transplant of a kidney from a monkey into human is rejected vigorously since it acts as a

biology excretory system of human artificial kidney kidney transplant disorders of kidney

  1. Autograft.

  2. Xenograft.

  3. Isograft.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Monkey and humans have evolved into two distinct lineages and are distinct species and therefore have a dissimilar genetic composition. Any transplant between these two organisms is known as a xenograft. Which may be rejected vigorously due to greater than required MHC incompatibility.

So, the correct answer is 'Xenograft'


Which of the following type of donor is rejected during kidney transplant?

biology excretory system of human artificial kidney kidney transplant disorders of kidney

  1. Autograft

  2. Isograft

  3. Allograft

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Allograft is a tissue or organ transplanted from a donor to recipient of the same species but is genetically different and therefore may face rejection during kidney transplant due to distinct HLA proteins

So, the correct answer is 'Allograft'

The highest genetic variation is seen in which of the following type of the donor for a kidney transplant?

biology excretory system of human artificial kidney kidney transplant disorders of kidney

  1. Autograft

  2. Xenograft

  3. Allograft

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B

First kidney transplantation in India was done on _______

biology excretory system of human artificial kidney kidney transplant disorders of kidney

  1. May 1965

  2. February 1965

  3. May 1994

  4. May 1978

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
The first human kidney transplant performed in India was done at the King Edward Memorial Hospital at Mumbai In may 1965.
So, the correct answer is 'May 1965'.

In batch fermentation:

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. substrates are added to the system all at once and runs until product is harvested

  2. nutrients are continuously fed into the reactor and the product Is siphoned off during the run

  3. new batches of microorganisms are screened for increase yield

  4. small-scale production is used to synthesise product.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Fermentation is a metabolic process which converts carbohydrates to alcohols, organic acids are gases by the activity of the enzyme of microbial origin.
Batch fermentation is a process where the microorganism is inoculated into a fixed volume of medium. As the growth takes place the nutrients that are consumed and the product of growth keeps getting stored in the fermenter.
In batch fermentation, the mass production is done as separate batches. 
So, then the correct option is 'substrates are added to the system all at once and runs until product is harvested'

Penicillin inhibits bacterial multiplication because it

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Checks RNA synthesis

  2. Checks DNA synthesis

  3. Destroys chromatin

  4. Inhibits cell wall formation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Antibiotics are chemical substances, which are produced by some microbes and kill or retard the growth of other ( disease-causing ) microbes. Penicillin was the first antibiotic discovered. Penicillin inhibits bacterial growth by inhibiting cell wall formation, hence, killing the bacteria.

So, the correct answer is 'Inhibits cell wall formation'

Read the following statements and select the correct option:
STATEMENT I: Nostoc and bacteria are prokaryotes.
STATEMENT II: Penicillium and Spirogyra are fungi.

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Only statement I is true

  2. Only statement II is true

  3. Both statements I and II are true

  4. Both statements I and III are false

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Nostoc is a cyanobacterium. Along with bacteria, Nostoc belongs to the prokaryotic organisms as they do not possess the well-defined nucleus and double membrane-bound organelles. In statement 2, Penicillium is a fungus but Spirogyra is an alga. Thus, the correct option is A.

Which of the following is the main function of antibiotic drugs in human body?

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Prevention of the growth of bacteria

  2. To control the level of oxygen

  3. To maintain the blood pressure

  4. To control sugar level in blood

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria and is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections. Antibiotic medications are widely used in treatment and prevention. They have an important role in dental antibiotic prophylaxis where their use may prevent. So, the correct option is "A" (Prevention of the growth of bacteria).