Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Which famous biologist showed in the middle of the nineteenth century that beer and butter milk are products of fermentation brought about by years?

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Ignaz Philipp Scmmelweiss

  2. Friedrich Hente

  3. Louis Pasteur

  4. Joseph Lister

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In 1857, Pasteur showed that lactic acid fermentation is caused by living organisms, In 1877, working to improve the French brewing industry, Pasteur published his famous paper on fermentation,"Studies on fermentation". He defined fermentation (incorrectly) as "Life without air",but correctly showed that specific types of microorganisms cause specific types of fermentations and specific end-products.

So,the correct option is C. (louis pasteur)

Which microorganism is used for fermentation?

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Viruses

  2. Yeast

  3. Cyanobacteria

  4. Fungus

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
A. Viruses are used in biocontrol agents such as Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods.
B. Yeast is used in fermentation such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae in alcoholic fermentation.
C. Cyanobacteria is used in fertilizers such as Nostoc.
D. Fungus used in antibiotics and bio-fertilizers.

So, the correct option is 'Yeast'.

Maximum alcohol will be obtained from

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Wood

  2. Sugarcane

  3. Tapioca

  4. Maize

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The sugarcane is a plant which belongs to the group of monocots. The plant contains a high amount of sugar. The juice from this plant or the molasses can be used for the process of alcohol formation. The sucrose which is present in the plant is fermented to produce ethanol by the process of anaerobic fermentation. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Alcohol is produced during the process of

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. Aerobic respiration

  2. Combustion

  3. Fermentation

  4. Kreb's cycle

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Alcohol is commercially produced using a process called as fermentation. In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvate from glycolysis is converted to acetaldehyde and then to ethanol and carbon dioxide. So, the correct answer is option C.

Who among the following said that 'fermentation is a biochemical process'?

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. A. Fleming

  2. Kitasate

  3. L. Pasteur

  4. Ivanowske

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
L. Pasteur was the one who said fermentation is a biochemical process. He said that the catalyst for these reactions are living organisms (mainly microorganisms) but not inorganic compounds.Because the small size of microbes, other scientists doubted this at that time.
Hence, the answer is C.

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Fermentation is the process that produces bubbles of carbon dioxide that makes bread dough rise.

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Fermentation is accompanied by the liberation of carbon dioxide gas. The process is used in baking breads because the liberated carbon dioxide helps the dough to rise. 

So, the correct option is 'True'.

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Fermentation is the process that causes your muscles to be sore after a long, strenuous workout.

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In a strenuous workout, the oxygen supply to the body tissues is not received completely. To produce the necessary energy in the absence of oxygen, the pyruvate molecule at the end of glycolysis is utilised in fermentation to produce lactic acid.

The presence of lactic acid in the muscles leads to cramps and muscles to sore.
So, the correct option is 'True'.

Identify correct pairs from the following.

(P) Rhizobium$\longrightarrow$ Nitrogen fixation
(Q) Clostridium$\longrightarrow$ Bakery products
(R) Penicillium$\longrightarrow$ Production of antibiotics
(S) Yeast $\longrightarrow$Food poisoning

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. P and Q

  2. R and P

  3. S and R

  4. Q and S

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Rhizobium is a nitrogen fixation bacteria found in soil.
  • Penicillium is an antibiotic used for making medicines and antibiotics.

So, the correct option is 'R and P'.

Which of the following statement are correct?
A. Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast. 
B. Fermentation takes place in aerobic bacteria.
C. Fermentation takes place in mitochondria
D. Fermentation is a kind of anaerobic respiration.

biology interdependence of organism and the environment natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism

  1. D only

  2. Both B and C

  3. Both A and D

  4. Both C and D

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Pyruvate is the output of glycolysis where one molecule of glucose breaks down into two molecules of pyruvate. Anaerobically, pyruvic acid is broken down to form lactate in animals and ethanol  in plants and microorganisms. In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvate from glycolysis is converted to acetaldehyde and then ethanol and carbon dioxide. Ethanol fermentation which is a biological process of converting sugars to cellular energy is performed by yeasts in the absence of oxygen. hence this is considered as a anaerobic process. 

So, the correct answer is option C.

Natural fixation of nitrogen takes place through a non-biological process called ___________.

biology air and atmosphere natural cycles and resources constituents of air medicinal use of microorganism component of air - nitrogen

  1. artificial fixation

  2. nitrogen fixation by lightening

  3. industrial fixation

  4. synthetic fixation

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In non biological fixation of nitrogen when the plant dies the fixed nitrogen is released making it available to other plants and this helps to fertilize the soil. The great majority of legumes have this association but a few genera do not. In farming practices fields are rotated through various crops like clover and buckwheat which are known as green manure.