Tag: chemistry

Questions Related to chemistry

Acid rain occurs when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides combine with water vapors in the atmosphere and fall as rain. Which of the following is not caused by acid rain?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. Decreased quality of air

  2. Reduced growth of forests

  3. Reduced pH of water bodies

  4. Destruction of marble buildings

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Acid rain does not pollute air rather acid rain is caused de to the air pollution. The air pollutants consisting $SO _2$ and $NO _x$, they combine with the water vapour. 

$SO _2+O _2+H _2O\longrightarrow H _2SO _4$

$NO +H _2O\longrightarrow HNO _2$

$NO _2+H _2O\longrightarrow HNO _3$

Due to the formation of these acids, the rain is acidic. 

Silk and woolen clothes are often damaged by

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. Flies

  2. Insects

  3. Bacteria

  4. Animals

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Because insects have the ability to digest silk and wool. Examples of insects that damage the clothes are-silverfish, cockroach, moth etc. 

Acid precipitation is now regarded as a serious problem in some European and Asian countries. Its major cause or source is:

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. the discharge of acidic effluents onto neutral or slightly alkaline land where the acidic components precipitate.

  2. emission of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides from thermal power plants and burning of fossil fuels. These oxides dissolve in atmospheric water vapor and fall back on earth as acid rain.

  3. natural carbon dioxide released during respiration of living organisms dissolves in water, forming carbonic acid which is the chief contributor to acidity in rainwater.

  4. none of the above

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions or low pH. it can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure. It is a result of air pollution. When oxides of sulfur or nitrogen react with water sulfuric acid or nitric acid is formed.

Smog is a combination of :

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. fire and water

  2. smoke and fog

  3. water and smoke

  4. air and water

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Smog is a type of air pollutant, is a combination of smoke and fog. Classic smog results from large amounts of coal burning in an area and its caused by a mixture of smoke and sulphur dioxide.

Smog is often caused by :

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. heavy traffic

  2. high temperatures

  3. calm winds

  4. all of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Smog is often caused by heavy traffic, high temperatures, sunshine and calm winds.

Which oxides cause acid rains?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. Sulphur dioxide

  2. Nitrogen oxide

  3. Carbon dioxide

  4. Both A and B

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Air pollution from burning of fossil fuels is the major cause of acid rain. The main chemicals in air pollution that create acid rain are sulfur dioxide ($SO _2$) and nitrogen oxides. Acid rain usually forms high in the clouds where sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with water, oxygen, and oxidants. this mixture forms a mild solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. Sunlight increases the rate of most of these reactions. Rainwater, snow, fog, and other forms of precipitation containing those mild solutions of sulfuric and nitric acids fall to earth as acid rain.

Sulphur dioxide gas can cause acid rain.

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The main chemicals in air pollution that create acid rain are $SO _2$ and $NO _x$. 

Acid rain usually forms high in the clouds, where sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with water, oxygen, and oxidants this mixture forms a mild solution of sulphuric acid and nitric acid.

Which of the following is/are damages caused by acid rain?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. It depletes the soil of nutrients, increases the acidity of the soil and reduces fertility.

  2. It destroys marine life due to change in pH of the environment.

  3. It causes material damage.

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The damages caused by acid rain are:

  1. It depletes the soil of nutrients, increases the acidity of the soil and reduces fertility, as the ideal conditions for the growth of trees are lost. 
  2. It destroys marine life due to change in pH of the environment, making it unfit for habitation by aquatic animals.
  3. It causes material damage such as corrosion of marbles. 

Which of the following reactions is not correct for the formation of acid rain?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. $\displaystyle { N } _{ 2 }+{ O } _{ 2 }\rightarrow 2NO$

  2. $\displaystyle 2NO+{ O } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { 2NO } _{ 2 }$

  3. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }O+2{ NO } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { HNO } _{ 2 }+{ HNO } _{ 3 }$

  4. $\displaystyle NO+{ O } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { NO } _{ 2 }$

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

$\displaystyle NO+{ O } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { NO } _{ 2 }$ is the incorrect equation as it is not balanced. 

What is the pH of acid rain?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. 5.8

  2. 5.5

  3. 4.2

  4. 3.8

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Normal, clean rain has a pH value of between 5.0 and 5.5, which is slightly acidic. However, when rain combines with sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides—produced from power plants and automobiles—the rain becomes much more acidic. Typical acid rain has a pH value of 4.0.
 A decrease in pH values from 5.0 to 4.0 means that the acidity is 10 times greater.