Tag: vaccination

The first generation vaccines consist of live attenuated/ heat killed vaccines in which whole organisms in the weakened live form or heat killed form are injected. Sevcond generation vaccines are those vaccines in which the whole organism is not given. Instead of this a portion called the subunit, which may contain a protein section of the pathogen is given. Third generation vaccines are those in which recombinant techniques are used for the production of vaccines. In this technique DNA encoding the antigen is inserted into a vector which will be recognised as a pathogen in the host. Such that the host immune system generates an immune response against the vector and thereby the antigen. So, the correct answer is 'Third generation vaccines'.

They are three types of vaccines on basis of organism or its part used as antigen.

Smallpox vaccine is produced from the artificially attenuated smallpox virus. The administration of this vaccine ios called as vaccination against smallpox. As on administration of this vaccine, our body develops immunity against the particular virus.

• Hepatitis B vaccine is a vaccine that prevents hepatitis B.
•  The first dose is recommended within 24 hours of birth with either two or three more doses given after that. 
• The vaccine is given by injection into a muscle. Serious side effects of the hepatitis B vaccine are very uncommon. Pain may occur at the site of injection.
•  The current vaccines are produced with recombinant DNA techniques.
• Hence, the Hepatitis B vaccine is Recombinant antigen vaccine.
•   So, the correct answer is 'Recombinant antigen vaccine'.

BCG stands for Bacillus Calmette Guerin, a vaccine given for protection against tuberculosis (T.B.) which is an airborne disease, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

The varicella vaccine has resulted in a decrease in the number of cases and complications from the disease. It protects about 70 to 90 percent of people from disease with a greater benefit for severe disease. Routine immunization of children is recommended in many countries. Immunization within three days of exposure may improve outcomes in children. Treatment of those infected may include calamine lotion to help with itching, keeping the fingernails short to decrease injury from scratching, and the use of paracetamol (acetaminophen) to help with fevers.

Polio vaccines are vaccines used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio). Two types are used - an inactivated poliovirus (antigen) given by injection and a weakened poliovirus (antigen) given by mouth. The inactivated polio vaccines are very safe. Mild redness or pain may occur at the site of injection. Oral polio vaccines cause vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis.