Tag: zoology

Questions Related to zoology

Consider the components of a food chain producers $ \rightarrow\ $ herbivores $ \rightarrow\ $ carnivores $ \rightarrow\ $ top carnivores. Eventually what happens to all the energy passed from one element to the next?

zoology meaning of life energy flow and loss energy flow in a food chain energy flows

  1. It recycles back to the producers

  2. It results in a much larger decomposer population

  3. It is dissipated into the environment.

  4. It is recaptured by another food chain

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A food chain can be described as a series of energy dilutors, the energy that fails to reach the next level being dissipated as heat or movement. Most of the energy contained in the food of animal consumers is used by them during the processes of food collection, digestion, and other essential metabolic activity.

So, the correct option is 'It is dissipated into the environment.'

The only requirement of an ecosystem is a constant input of energy that comes by the process of respiration

zoology meaning of life energy flow and loss energy flow in a food chain energy flows

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system. 
  • Energy flow is the amount of energy that moves through a food chain. 
  • Energy that is not used in an ecosystem is eventually lost as heat. 
  • Energy is passed on from one trophic level to the next trophic level and each time some energy is lost as heat into the environment. 
  • This is due to the fact that each organism must use some energy that they received from other organisms in order to survive. 
  • The top consumer of a food chain will be the organism that receives the least amount of energy.
So the given statement is false.

Read the following statements carefully:
(I) Energy transfer in the biotic world always proceeds from the autotrophs.
(II) Energy flow in undirectional
(III) Energy availability is maximum at the tertiary level.
(IV) There is loss of energy from one trophic level to that other.
Select the relevant statements for the forest ecosystem.

zoology meaning of life energy flow and loss energy flow in a food chain energy flows

  1. I, II and IV

  2. I, II and III

  3. I, III and IV

  4. II, III and IV

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A forest ecosystem is formed by the community of organisms which live in a forest. The relevant statement for the forest ecosystem are:
I→ Energy transfer in the biotic world always proceeds from the autotrophs as the plants and the trees are the major producers. 
II→ Energy flow is unidirectional.
IV→ There is a loss of energy from one trophic level to the other as the law of energy transfer is applicable to this ecosystem.

Select the incorrect statement.

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Species diversity increases as we move away from the equator towards the poles.

  2. Stellar's sea cow and passenger pigeon got extinct due to over exploitation by man.

  3. Lantana and Eichhornia are invasive weed species in India.

  4. Among animals, insects are the most species-rich taxonomic group.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Species diversity decreases as we move away from the equator towards the poles due to:-

(i)Temperature decreases and conditions become harsh.
(ii)Both the amount and intensity of solar radiation decrease.
(iii)Vegetation decreases.
(iv)Fewer resources available to support species.

So the correct option is 'Species diversity increases as we move away from the equator towards the poles.'

India has a greater ecosystem diversity than a Scandinavian country like Norway. What kind of diversity does it represent?

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Species diversity

  2. Ecological diversity

  3. Genetic diversity

  4. None of these.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Ecological diversity is the diversity at ecosystem level. India with its deserts, rainforests, mangroves, coral reefs, wetlands, estuaries and alpine meadows has a greater ecosystem diversity than a  Scandinavian country like Norway.

India constitutes _______ percent of the world's land area and contributes _______ percent of the global species diversity.

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. 1.0, 5.5

  2. 5.5, 1.0

  3. 8.1, 2.4

  4. 2.4, 8.1

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Although India has only 2.4 percent of the world's land area, its share of the global species diversity is an impressive 8.1 percent. 

Species diversity ______ as we move away from the ______ towards_____.

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. decreases, equator, poles

  2. increases, equator, poles

  3. decreases, poles, equator

  4. none of these.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The biodiversity shows a latitudinal and altitudinal gradient. The species diversity decrease as well as we move away from the equator towards the poles with very few exceptions, tropics harbour more species than temperature or polar areas.

Which of the following statements regarding the estimates of number of species found on earth is not correct?

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Total number of species present on earth are considered to be about 7 million as estimated by Robert May.

  2. Plants constitute more than 70% of all the species recorded, whereas animals constitute less than 22% of the total number of species.

  3. Insects constitute more than 70% of all the animal species.

  4. None of these.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Animals constitute more than 70% of all the species recorded whereas plants constitute around 22% of total number of species. 

The diversity of organisms sharing the same habitat or community is termed as

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. alpha diversity

  2. beta diversity

  3. gamma diversity

  4. delta diversity.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ecological diversity is of three types:
(i) Alpha diversity
(ii) Beta diversity
(iii) Gamma biodiversity.

Species diversity ______ as one moves from high to low altitudes.

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. increases

  2. decreases

  3. first increases then decreases

  4. first decreases then increases

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Biodiversity changes with the change in altitude. It increases as one moves from higher to lower altitudes.