Tag: coordination in human beings- chemical control

Questions Related to coordination in human beings- chemical control

Match the following.
A. Homeostasis                      1) Insulin
B. Emergency hormone         2) Structure of insulin
C. Metabolism                       3) Adrenaline
D. Peptide hormones             4) Thyroxine
E. Pancreatic islets                5) Maintenance of constant internal environment
F. Sanger                                6) Affect the properties of Plasma membrane 

biology control and coordination in living organisms enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. A - 1; B - 5; C - 3; D - 4; E - 6; F - 2

  2. A - 2; B - 4; C - 3; D - 1; E - 6; F - 2

  3. A - 3; B - 5; C - 3; D - 4; E - 6; F - 1

  4. A - 5; B - 3; C - 4; D - 1,6; E - 1; F - 2

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Homeostasis is the maintenance of constant internal environment.
Adrenaline is an emergency hormone. It increases pulse rate, blood pressure during emergency and stimulates the breaking of liver glycogen into blood glucose.
Thyroxine is useful in metabolism. Insulin is secreted from thyroid gland. It regulates general growth and development and controls carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism.
Peptide hormones such as insulin, affect the properties of plasma membrane.
Insulin is secreted in pancreatic islets. It controls carbohydrate metabolism and maintains glucose level in the blood.
Sanger represents the structure of insulin.

Cortisol is a :

biology control and coordination in living organisms enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. glucocorticoid

  2. mineralocorticoid

  3. sex hormone

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Cortisol is type glucocorticoid hormone, cortisol (glucocorticoid) also called as life-saving hormone as it increases the blood glucose level in the condition of tension through gluconeogenesis, 
  • In the condition of tension the glucose consumption from neuron increases that can be fatal for one.
Other effects of cortisol are-
  1. Anti-inflammatory
  2. Immuno-suppressive
  3. BMR regulation
  4. RBC regulation

Parathyroid hormone (PTH):

biology control and coordination in living organisms enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. stimulates the release of calcium by the kidneys

  2. stops the absorption of calcium from the intestine

  3. causes blood calcium level to decrease

  4. causes blood phosphate level to decrease

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Hormones are used to communicate between the organs of the body. The release of parathyroid hormone causes blood phosphate level to decrease. When blood calcium level is low, this hormone is released so that the level comes back to normal. Increased level of PTH may lead to joint pains, muscles weakness and many more effects.

Which hormone affects physical appearance?

biology control and coordination in living organisms enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. male and female

  2. steroid

  3. growth

  4. gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Male and female hormones or the gonadotropin-releasing hormones have almost the same functions, they induce the primary and secondary sexual characteristics
Example-Estrogen, progesterone.
  • steroid type of hormones play a role in the physiological effect on the body,
Example- Insulin, glucagon.
  • Growth type of hormones affects physical appearance.
Example- GH, somatomedin etc. 

ACTH controls the secretion of :

biology control and coordination in living organisms enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. epinephrine

  2. cortisol

  3. testosterone

  4. aldosterone

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

ACTH is secreted by adenohypophysis of the pituitary gland and controls the secretion of adrenal cortical hormone named as cortisol,

Effects of cortisol-
  • Antiinflammatory
  • Immuno-suppressive
  • RBC production
  • BMR regulation.

Low levels of adrenal cortex hormones result in :

biology control and coordination in living organisms enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Addison disease

  2. Cushing syndrome

  3. tetany

  4. goiter

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex hormone (Cortisol) that is a glucocorticoid hormone results in the Addison disease.

Effects on the physiology of the body are as following-
  • Blood sodium (low)
  • Blood potassium(More)
  • Blood glucose(Low)
  • Blood pressure(Low) 

The primary target organ of aldosterone is :

biology control and coordination in living organisms enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. the kidney

  2. the pancreas

  3. the liver

  4. all of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aldosterone is type of Mineralo-corticoid hormne, it affects the kidney in low GFR (glomerulation filtration rate) condition and maintain it.

The process for the working of aldosterone on kidney is as follows-
Blood $Na^{+}$ level increase $\rightarrow$ Water in blood(increase)$\rightarrow$ Blood volume(increase) $\rightarrow$ Blood pressure(increase)

Which of the following is pheromone?

biology control and coordination in living organisms enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Linalool

  2. Disparlure

  3. BHA

  4. Alitame

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Disparlure is an pheromone.

Progesterone is secreted by:

biology control and coordination in living organisms enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Thyroid

  2. Ovaries

  3. Adrenal

  4. Testes

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A steroid, progesteron is secreted chiefly by the corpus luteum, a group of cells formed in the ovary after the follicle ruptures during the release of egg cell.

The hypothalamus regulates :

biology control and coordination in living organisms enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. heart rate

  2. glandular secretions

  3. body temperature

  4. all of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Hypothalamus is the portion of the brain that contains a no. of small nuclei with a variety of functions. It regulates heart rate, glandular secretion, body temperature.