Tag: botany

Questions Related to botany

A chromosome carrying centromere at one end is

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Acrocentric

  2. Telocentric

  3. Metacentric

  4. Submetacentric

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
    A. An acrocentric chromosome is a  chromosome in which the centromere is located near to one end of the chromosome. 
    B. A telocentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome and their shape is similar to the letter i.
    C. Metacentric chromosomes are X-shaped chromosomes and the centromere are present in the centre so that the two arms are equal.

      D.  A submetacentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located near the slightly away from the centre and the two arms are slightly unequal in length and form L-shape. 

      So, the correct answer is 'Telocentric'.

      Shape of chromosomes is determined by position of

      botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

      1. Centrosome

      2. Centromere

      3. Telomere

      4. Micromere

      Show answer
      Correct Option: B
      Explanation:
      • The shape of chromosomes is determined by the position of centromeres.
      • The centromere is the lighter staining region on the chromosome of a cell which appears as a constriction.
      • They are also known as a primary constriction or kinetochore.
      • It is a specialized DNA sequence that links a pair of sister chromatids where the spindle fibres are attached during cell division.
      • So, the correct answer is 'Centromere'.

      Cell sap occurs in organelle

      botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

      1. Nucleolus

      2. Vacuole

      3. Endoplasmic reticulum

      4. Golgi bodies

      Show answer
      Correct Option: B
      Explanation:
      • Cell sap (fluid inside the vacuole of a plant cell which serves as storage of materials) occurs in the vacuole.
      • A vacuole is a membrane-bound (tonoplast) organelle present in cells.
      • It forms an enclosed compartment within the cell which are filled with water, dissolved inorganic and organic molecules (enzymes)
      • It stores food and variety of nutrients required by the cell to survive and also store waste products which protect the cell from getting contaminated.
      • So, the correct answer is 'Vacuole'.

      The chromosome which lacks a centromere is

      botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

      1. Acentric

      2. Acrocentric

      3. Metacentric

      4. Telocentric

      Show answer
      Correct Option: A
      Explanation:

      A. Acentric chromosome lacks a centromere as the centromere is the point of attachment for the spindle fibres.

      B. An acrocentric chromosome is a  chromosome in which the centromere is located near to one end of the chromosome. 
      C. Metacentric chromosomes are X-shaped chromosomes and the centromere are present in the centre so that the two arms are equal.
      D. A telocentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome and their shape is similar to the letter i or is rod-shaped.
      So, the correct answer is 'Acentric'.

      Shape of metacentric chromosome in anaphase is

      botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

      1. L-shaped

      2. V-shaped

      3. J-shaped

      4. I-shaped.

      Show answer
      Correct Option: B
      Explanation:
      • Metacentric chromosomes are X-shaped chromosomes and the centromere are present in the centre so that the two arms are equal.
      • During anaphase, these chromosomes appear V-shaped as the chromosomes split and the daughter chromatids move to the opposite poles of the cell.
      • So, the correct answer is 'V-shaped'.

      Anthocyanin occurs in

      botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

      1. Chloroplasts

      2. Vacuole

      3. Leucoplasts

      4. Chromoplasts

      Show answer
      Correct Option: B
      Explanation:
      • The plant vacuoles consist of various water-soluble pigments such as carotenoids, anthocyanins and xanthophylls etc.
      • Anthocyanins are also water-soluble pigments which are red, purple, or blue in colour depending on the pH which gives colour to the flower and fruits (blueberry, raspberry etc).
      • So, the correct answer is 'Vacuoles'.

      A chromosome having subterminal centromere is

      botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

      1. Acrocentric

      2. Submetacentric

      3. Telocentric

      4. Metacentric

      Show answer
      Correct Option: A
      Explanation:

      A. An acrocentric chromosome is a  chromosome in which the centromere is located near to one end of the chromosome. 

      B.  A submetacentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located near the slightly away from the centre and the two arms are slightly unequal in length and form L-shape. 
      C. A telocentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome and their shape is similar to the letter i.
      D. Metacentric chromosomes are X-shaped chromosomes and the centromere are present in the centre so that the two arms are equal.
      So, the correct answer is 'Acrocentric'.

      Chromosomes appearing rod shaped during anaphase are

      botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

      1. Acrocentric

      2. Metacentric

      3. Submetacentric

      4. Telocentric

      Show answer
      Correct Option: D
      Explanation:

      A. An acrocentric chromosome is a  chromosome in which the centromere is located near to one end of the chromosome. 

      B. Metacentric chromosomes are X-shaped chromosomes and the centromere are present in the centre so that the two arms are equal.
      C. A submetacentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located near the slightly away from the centre and the two arms are slightly unequal in length and form L-shape. 
      D. A telocentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome and their shape is similar to the letter i or is rod-shaped.
      So, the correct answer is 'Telocentric'.

      L-shaped chromosomes are

      botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

      1. Sex chromosomes

      2. Acrocentric

      3. Telocentric

      4. Submetacentric

      Show answer
      Correct Option: D
      Explanation:
      • A submetacentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located near the slightly away from the centre and the two arms are slightly unequal in length and form L-shape. 
      • So, the correct answer is 'Submetacentric'.

      Contractile vacuoles take part in

      botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

      1. Storage of wastes

      2. Osmoregulation

      3. Excretion

      4. Both B and C

      Show answer
      Correct Option: D
      Explanation:
      • A contractile vacuole is a sub-cellular organelle found in few protozoans.
      • It is a specialized vacuole which helps in regulating the quantity of water inside cell (osmoregulation- maintaining constant osmotic pressure of the fluids of an organism).
      • It is a part of the protective mechanism which prevents the cell from absorbing too much water and also prevents the rupturing of the cell created due to excessive internal pressure.
      • It also expels out the waste material (ammonia collected from the intercellular fluid) to the cell exterior.
      • So, the correct answer is 'Both B and C'.