Tag: botany

Questions Related to botany

Vacuoles are

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Cytoplasmic organelles

  2. Non-cytoplasmic organelles

  3. Non-cytoplasmic sacs

  4. Cytoplasmic sacs

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Vacuoles are non-living and non-cytoplasmic cell inclusions present in the cytoplasm which contain inorganic and organic molecules.
  • They are present in the form of minute droplets in the cytoplasm of the cells (small vacuole filled with cell sap).
  • So, the correct answer is 'Non-cytoplasmic sacs'.

Which one does not occur in cell vacuoles?

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Hydrolytic enzymes

  2. Latex

  3. Anthocyanins

  4. DNA

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • A cell vacuole is a membrane-bound (tonoplast) organelle present in cells.
  • It forms an enclosed compartment within the cell which are filled with water, dissolved inorganic and organic molecules (enzymes)
  • They contain hydrolytic enzymes for breaking down the macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids etc.).
  • Anthocyanin is stored in the vacuoles (flowers and fruits).
  • It does not possess its own DNA as the mitochondria and chloroplasts.
  • So, the correct answer is 'DNA'.

In which type of chromosome, one arm is very long and one arm is very short

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Acrocentric

  2. Metacentric

  3. Submetacentric

  4. Telocentric.

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Number of sap vacuoles present in an animal cell is

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. One and large

  2. Many and large

  3. Many and small

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Sap vacuoles are small sac-like structures present in the cell which is filled with fluid and serves as storage of materials (cell sap).
  • It forms an enclosed compartment within the cell which are filled with water, dissolved inorganic and organic molecules (enzymes)
  • It stores food and variety of nutrients required by the cell to survive and also store waste products which protect the cell from getting contaminated.
So, the correct answer is 'Many and small'.

One type of chromosome has middle centromere whereas the other has a terminal centromere. They are

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Metacentric and acrocentric

  2. Metacentric and telocentric

  3. Submetacentric and telocentric

  4. Acrocentric and metacentric

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Metacentric chromosomes are X-shaped chromosomes and the centromere are present in the centre so that the two arms are equal.
  •  A telocentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome and their shape is similar to the letter i.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Metacentric and telocentric'.

These vacuoles store nutrients

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Sap

  2. Contractile

  3. Food

  4. Air

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • A vacuole is a membrane-bound (tonoplast) organelle present in cells.
  • It forms an enclosed compartment within the cell which are filled with water, dissolved inorganic and organic molecules (enzymes)
  • Sap vacuoles store food and variety of nutrients required by the cell to survive.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Sap'.

Liquid content of a vacuole is called

botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Cell sap

  2. Matrix

  3. Nucleoid

  4. Core

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • A vacuole is a membrane-bound (tonoplast) organelle present in cells.
  • It forms an enclosed compartment within the cell which are filled with water, dissolved inorganic and organic molecules (enzymes)
  • Cell sap refers to the fluid inside the vacuole of a plant cell which serves as storage of materials.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Cell sap'.

Chromosome having terminal centromere capped by telomere is

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Metacentric

  2. Submetacentric

  3. Acrocentric

  4. Telocentric

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Chromosome having terminal centromere capped by telomere is Acrocentric.
  • An acrocentric chromosome is a  chromosome in which the centromere is located near to one end of the chromosome. 
  • So, the correct answer is 'Acrocentric'.

Match the columns

Column I Column II
(a) Metacentric (i) At the tip
(b) Submetacentric (ii) Almost near the tip
(c) Acrocentric (iii) At the middle
(d) Telocentric (iv) Slightly away from middle
botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. a-i, b-iv, c-ii, d-iii

  2. a-ii, b-iv, c-i, d-iii

  3. a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i

  4. a-iv, b-iii, c-i, d-ii

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

i) Metacentric chromosomes are X-shaped chromosomes and the centromere are present in the centre so that the two arms are equal.

ii) Submetacentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located near the slightly away from the centre and the two arms are slightly unequal in length and form L-shape.
iii) Acrocentric chromosome is a  chromosome in which the centromere is located near to one end of the chromosome. 
iv) Telocentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome and their shape is similar to the letter i.
So, the correct answer is 'a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i'.

A chromosome with centromere near the middle is called

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Metacentric

  2. Submetacentric

  3. Acrocentric

  4. Telocentric

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

1) Metacentric chromosomes have the centromere in the center, such that both sections are of equal length. Human chromosome 1 and 3 are metacentric.

2) Submetacentric chromosomes have the centromere slightly offset from the center leading to a slight asymmetry in the length of the two sections. Human chromosomes 4 through 12 are submetacentric.
3) Acrocentric chromosomes have a centromere which is severely offset from the center leading to one very long and one very short section. Human chromosomes 13,15, 21, and 22 are acrocentric.
4)Telocentric chromosomes have the centromere at the very end of the chromosome. Humans do not possess telocentric chromosomes but they are found in other species such as mice.
So, the correct answer is 'Submetacentric'.