Tag: microbes in human welfare

Photosynthesis is the process by which light energy from the sun is used to synthesise sugars from carbon dioxide, releasing oxygen as a waste product. In primitive days, cyanobacteria were only the primary producers because the redox structure of oceans favoured them to fix nitrogen and also they had the capacity to use water as the source of electrons in photosynthesis. They made the atmosphere oxygen rich and allowed the appearance of aerobic organisms. 

Cyanobacteria are unicellular prokaryotes that photosynthesise. They form huge colonies that appear as algal bloom in polluted waters. They can fix nitrogen from the atmosphere by means of specialised structures called as heterocysts.

Cow dung is available in plenty in India. It is used as manure or pattings for fuel. The cow dung solution has antifungal and insecticide properties. The application of cow dung also improves soil salinity and alkalinity. The presence of this manure helps in better nitrogen fixation through rhizobia.

Blue green algae or cyanobacteria synthesize a gelatinous mass around themselves, enclosing multiple filaments. This causes the surface area on which they thrive to be slippery

Cyanobacteria are algae, which contains phycocyanin pigment and because of this pigment they are of blue-green colour and known as blue green algae.

Biofertilizers are used because they increase soil fertility, crop productivity, and production. Use of biofertilizers is both economical as well as environment-friendly. They remain symbiotically associated with the roots while some are free living. They solubilize the undissolved minerals.

Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms. They lack membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria, golgi apparatus. They also lack true nucleus. Instead, they have nucleoid or incipient nucleus. Nucleoid is an undifferetiated, unorganised, fibrillar nucleus without any limiting membrane. They have ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Examples include bacteria, Cyanophyceae. 

Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms without membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria, golgi complex. They lack true nucleus. Instead, they have nucleoid, genetic material without nuclear envelope. The examples of prokaryotes include bacteria, Cyanobacteria (Blue green algae). Blue green algae are photosynthetic bacteria.