Tag: microbes in human welfare

A membranous coiled semicircular structure attached to plasma membrane and found in blue-green algae is called as Lamellasome. It is approximately 200 mμ in diameter. Mesosome is folded invagination found in the plasma membrane of bacteria that increases the surface area. They are the site of respiration. Microsome is a fragment of endoplasmic reticulum. It is an artificial structure and is not present in living cell.

Blue-green algae are also called as cyanobacteria. The blue colour of blue-green algae is due to presence of pigments phycocyanin and allophycocyanin. The green colour is due to presence of chlorophyll pigment. Phycoerythrin pigment results in the red colour. Anthocyanins pigment gives red, purple and blue colours in many fruits and vegetables. Anthoxanthin pigment gives white or colorless to a creamy to yellow color to petals of flowers.

Cyanobacteria are also called as Blue green algae. They are prokaryotic bacteria. They are nitrogen fixing bacteria. They are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium compounds and making it available to the plants. They are useful bifertilizers in fields of rice for cultivation. They are used either free-living and in symbiotic association.

There are many similarities between cyanobacterium and bacterium. They both posses saparophytic mode of life. They both lack true cell organelles. They both posses nucleoid instead of true nucleus. 

The red sea is the saltiest sea and connects to the ocean without any river meeting the sea. It is named so because of the abundant occurrence of red coloured planktonic cyanophyceae called Trichodesmium erythraeum. This cyanophyceae imparts red colour to red sea. This results in the algal bloom or red bloom.

Cyanobacteria are also called as Blue green algae. They are unicellular, colonial, filamentous prokaryotes. They are found in marine and terrestrial habitats. The colonies are surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. They are photosynthetic bacteria. They often form blooms in water bodies and results in eutrophication. Some Cyanobacteria like Nostoc can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialized cells called heterocysts and make it available to plants.