Tag: fermentation

Questions Related to fermentation

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
In certain organisms and under certain conditions, which of the following can be used as an energy alternative to glucose

biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. fatty acids

  2. glycerol

  3. amino acids

  4. all of these

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • in certain conditions such as starvation when sufficient amount of glucose is not present in the blood the foremost priority of the body is to provide brain with the sufficient amount of glucose.
  • So for the other body parts the energy that is to be provided can be done by the use of other substrates instead of glucose.
  • First alternative of glucose is fatty acid which is stored in the body. These fatty acid molecules are converted to acetyl coA by the process of beta oxidation and used in the kerbs cycle to provide the cell with energy.
  • Glycerol is also a fatty acid which is used as the other fatty acid in the kerbs cycle.
  • Amino acids are the part of protein molecules which are usually not stored in the body but can be used in the kerbs cycle whenever they are provided to the cell.
  • Therefore the answer 'all of these' is correct.

The experiment to show that $CO _{2}$ is given out during respiration, the type of respiration is

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. anaerobic

  2. aerobic

  3. both (a) and (b)

  4. neither (a) and (b)

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Correct Option: C

Production of alcohol by yeast fermentation is 

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Anaerobic

  2. Aerobic

  3. Light dependent

  4. Both A and C

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Yeast fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration in which the substrate is oxidised in absence of oxygen. The intermediate product is acetaldehyde and final products are ethyl alcohol and CO$ _2$. It is also known as alcoholic fermentation. So the answer is 'Anaerobic'.

What could be the reason for maida flour to increase in size?

biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Fermentation

  2. Preservation

  3. Fumigation

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Fermentation is an anaerobic process by which glucose is broken down into alcohol, carbon dioxide, hydrogen gas. Yeast is used during baking process. This process is responsible for the increasing the size of maida dough because yeast converts sugar into carbon dioxide and ethanol. Carbon dioxide gas is trapped by gluten proteins which causes dough to rise.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Fermentation.'

Buchner was successful in extracting a respiratory enzyme complex

biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. ATP

  2. NADH

  3. Zymase

  4. Mitochondria

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Eduard Buchner was a German chemist who won the Noble prize in chemistry for his chance discovery in 1907. His brother Hans Buchner was a physician who conducted early research on blood proteins that could destroy bacteria. Eduard Buchner assisted his brother in his research. He produced yeast cell-free extracts for his brother who wanted to use them for immunological applications. In order to preserve the protein extract from yeast cells, he added sugar and while doing this he noticed the formation of bubbles. This meant that carbon dioxide and alcohol were being produced. Buchner had obtained an enzyme mixture called zymase from yeast that caused glycolysis and transformed the sugar into alcohol. Thus he discovered zymase, a complex of the enzyme that caused glycolysis in 1903. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Which of the following is widely accepted to respire in absence of oxygen?

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Yeast

  2. Potato

  3. Chlorella

  4. Grass

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Yeast can respire both aerobically as well as anaerobically. Under anaerobic conditions yeast carries out alcoholic fermentation. Thus, it yields carbon dioxide as a product after this process.

Dough kept overnight in warm weather becomes soft and spongy due to
biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Absorption of ${CO} _{2}$ from atmosphere

  2. Imbibition

  3. Fermentation

  4. All of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Fermentation can be described as an enzyme-catalyzed process in which one substrate is usually broken down by the enzymes produced by bacteria, yeast, and other microorganisms. Fermentation of glucose results in the formation of ethanol and carbon monoxide. This is an exothermic reaction and results in the release of energy. The changes observed in dough after keeping it overnight in warm weather is an example of fermentation.
Thus, the correct answer is 'fermentation.'

Which of the following is incorrect about fermentation?

biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Toddy is made by fermenting sap from palms.

  2. Propionibacterium is used to ferment the cheese.

  3. The puffed-up appearance of dough is due to the production of ${ CO } _{ 2 }$.

  4. Fermentation in muscles produces alcohol.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A. Toddy is created by fermenting the saps of various species of palm trees such as the palmyra, date palms, and coconut palms.
B. Swiss cheese is obtained by propionic fermentation which occurs due to the propionibacteria.

C.  The yeast added to flour reproduces rapidly and produces carbon dioxide gas which gives a puffed-up appearance.
D. Fermentation in muscle cells produces a waste product called lactic acid which contributes to the fatigue in muscles.

So, the correct answer is 'Fermentation in muscles produces alcohol'.

In respiratory process which step is not related with decarboxylation?

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Alcoholic fermentation

  2. TCA cycle

  3. Oxidative decarboxylation of Pyruvate

  4. Lactic acid fermentation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
 Name of process   Decarboxylation occurence
 Alcoholic fermentation  Pyruvate (3C) $\rightarrow$  Acetaldehyde (2C)
 TCA cycle  Isocitrate$\rightarrow$ $\alpha$ ketoglutarate
 Oxidative decarboxylation Pyruvate $\rightarrow$ Acetyl CoA
 Lactic acid fermentation  No decarboxylation process occurs

So, the correct answer is ' Lactic acid fermentation '.

When milk changes into yoghurt ........... sugar converts into Acid?

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Maltose

  2. Lactose

  3. Sucrose

  4. Fructose

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Milk is rich in lactose sugar. When it is converted into yogurt, lactose sugar is converted to lactic acid by the action of Lactobacillus.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Lactose'.