Tag: fermentation

Questions Related to fermentation

The energy releasing metabolic process in which substrate is oxidized without an external electron acceptor is called as

biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Photorespiration

  2. Glycolysis

  3. Fermentation

  4. Aerobic respiration

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Fermentation is incomplete oxidation of food substances in absence of oxygen (external electron acceptor) into alcohol or lactic acid with the small amount of energy being released. Aerobic respiration uses oxygen as an electron acceptor for oxidation of substrates. Glycolysis is the first common stage of both fermentation and aerobic respiration. Photorespiration is oxidation of RuBP by enzyme RUBISCO and does not produce energy. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Incomplete breakdown of glucose in muscles results in the formation of 

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Alcohol and water

  2. Alcohol and lactic acid

  3. ${CO _2}$ and Water

  4. Lactic acid

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The type of fuel used during physical activity also depends on the efficiency with which oxygen is delivered to muscle cells. The complete breakdown of glucose occurs when $O _2$ is present which is called as aerobic metabolism. When $O _2$ is unavailable, glucose breakdown is incomplete and it results in the formation of lactic acid. Accumulation of lactic acid leads to sore muscles. 
Incomplete breakdown of glucose does not result in the formation of alcohol, water or $CO _2$. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

What is produced by fermentation of agricultural waste?

biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Ethanol

  2. Ethanol Amine

  3. Aminoacids

  4. Base

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Correct Option: A

Fermentation is represented by which of the following equation? 

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. $C _{6}H _{12}O _{6}\, \rightarrow\, 6CO _{2}\, + _\, 6H _{2}O\, +\, 673 K\, cal$

  2. $C _{6}H _{12}O _{6}\, \rightarrow\, 2C _{2}H _{5}OH\, +\, 2CO _{2}$

  3. $6CO _{2}\, +\, 12H _{2}O\, \rightarrow\, C _{6}H _{12}O _{6}\, +\, 6H _{2}O\, +\, 6O _{2}$

  4. $6CO _{2}\, +\, 6H _{2}O\, \xrightarrow[chlorophyll]{light}\, C _{6}H _{12}O _{6}\, +\, 6O _{2}$

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In fermentation, say by yeast, the incomplete oxidation of glucose is achieved under anaerobic conditions by sets of reactions where pyruvic acid is converted to $CO _2$ and ethanol. The enzymes, pyruvic acid decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase catalyse these reactions. Other organisms like some bacteria produce lactic acid from pyruvic acid. In animal cells also, like muscles during exercise, when oxygen is inadequate for cellular respiration pyruvic acid is reduced to lactic acid by lactate dehydrogenase. In both lactic acid and alcohol fermentation not much energy is released; less than seven per cent of the energy in glucose is released and not all of it is trapped as high energy bonds of ATP. 

In alcohol fermentation,

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Triose phosphate is the electron donor, while acetaldehyde is the electron acceptor.

  2. There is no electron donor.

  3. Oxygen is the electron acceptor.

  4. None of the above.

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Correct Option: A

Glucose is oxidised to ethyl alcohol during the process of

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Respiration.

  2. Aerobic respiration.

  3. Anaerobic respiration.

  4. Photosynthesis.

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The process of anaerobic respiration takes place in the absence of oxygen. In this type, glucose is oxidized to ethyl alcohol, and it releases carbon dioxide. For example, breathing in yeast is a type of anaerobic respiration.

So, option C is the correct answer.

Fermentation is an

biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Aerobic respiration

  2. Incomplete oxidation

  3. Excretory process

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The process of respiration can be aerobic or anaerobic. The process of anaerobic respiration is also called as fermentation. Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration in which carbohydrates are incompletely oxidised to either ethanol and carbon dioxide as in yeast or lactic acid, as in the muscles of higher vertebrates.

In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide is directly released by

biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Animal consumption of producers.

  2. Photosynthesis.

  3. Chemosynthesis.

  4. Bacterial decay.

  5. None of the above.

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Correct Option: D

Who contributed to the research process on fermentation?

biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Johannes Miller

  2. Matthias Jakob

  3. Robert Brown

  4. Schwann Theodor

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Fermentation is the process pyruvate into lactic acid or alcohol in absence of oxygen. Schwann Theodor is considered as the founder of modern histology, the study of the structure of plant and animal tissues. Schwann discovered pepsin, the digestive enzyme, in the stomach epithelium, or membrane tissues, of animals. He also conducted valuable research on the processes of fermentation, purefaction, and muscular and arterial contraction. Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

What is untrue about fermentation?

biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. It is anaerobic.

  2. It requires glucose.

  3. It produces energy.

  4. It requires oxygen.

  5. It produces ethanol.

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Correct Option: D