Tag: biological molecules

Questions Related to biological molecules

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Glucose

  2. Lactose

  3. Starch

  4. Galactose

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Disaccharides are oligosaccharides which are formed by condensation of two monosaccharides. Lactose is a disaccharide. It is made up of two hexose molecules, glucose, and galactose. Lactose is also known as milk sugar because it is found in milk. It is a reducing sugar. Thus, the correct answer is B

Which of the following sugars cannot be hydrolysed further to yield simple sugars?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Ribose

  2. Maltose

  3. Sucrose

  4. Lactose

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Carbohydrates which cannot be hydrolyzed further into smaller components are called monosaccharides or simple sugar. Ribose is a sugar which cannot be hydrolyzed further as it is a smaller sugar with 5 carbon. Maltose, Sucrose, and Lactose are complex sugar which can be hydrolyzed into a smaller unit of sugars. Thus, the correct option is A.

Which one of the following is not an oligosaccharide?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Insulin

  2. Maltose

  3. Sucrose

  4. Raffinose

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Insulin is a peptide hormone which helps to maintain the blood sugar level. it is secreted by the beta cells of pancreas.

Maltose is the a disaccharide which is formed by the linkage of alpha 1,4 glucose molecules. It is digested by enzyme maltase. It acts on the glycosidic bonds of the maltose and converts into simpler compounds.
Sucrose is formed by the glycosidic linkage between glucose and fructose. The bond is formed between the between C$ _1$on the glucosyl subunit and C$ _2$ on the fructosyl unit. 

Raffinose is a trisaccharide which is made up of galactose, glucose, and fructose. The enzyme α-galactosidase hydrolyses the raffinose to  D-galactose and sucrose.
So, the correct answer is option C.

Which of the following groups contains all polysaccharides?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Glycogen, sucrose and maltose

  2. Sucrose, glucose and fructose

  3. Maltose, lactose and fructose

  4. Glycogen, cellulose and starch

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The complex carbohydrates which are formed by polymerization of a large number of monosaccharides(more than 9 ). They are also known as glycans. Sucrose, Lactose, and maltose are disaccharides. Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides. Glycogen, cellulose, and starch are polysaccharides. Thus, the correct answer is D.

Which is structural polysaccharide?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Glycogen

  2. Chitin

  3. Keratin

  4. Pectin

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Chitin is the most abundant organic substance. It is a complex carbohydrate which is found in fungal walls as a structural component. It is also called as fungal cellulose. It provides strength and elasticity. Thus, the correct answer is B.

Which one of the following is not a carbohydrate?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Maltose

  2. Pepsin

  3. Cellulose

  4. Fructose

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cellulose, Fructose, and maltose are carbohydrates but pepsin is an enzyme made of protein.

Select the correct answer from the following statemets
1. Cutin is fatty acid polymer
2. Starch is glucose polymer
3. Sucrose is monosaccharide
4. Maltose is polymer of fructose.

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. 1, 2, 3 are correct

  2. 1 and 2 are correct

  3. 2 and 4 are correct

  4. 1 and 3 are correct

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cutin is a polymer of glycerol and certain types of fatty acids. It is an integral part of the cuticle of the leaf. 

Starch is formed by a-1,4 linkages between two glucose unit which is broken down during its digestion. It exist in two forms known as amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is a linear poly-D-glucose in which the monosaccharides are connected by alpha 1, 4 linkages. Amylopectin is has alpha 1, 4-glycosidic linkages with side chain branching of alpha 1,6 linkage.
Sucrose is a disaccharide formed by the glycosidic linkage between glucose and fructose. It can be broken into glucose and fructose by enzyme sucrase.
Maltose is a disaccharide formed by the glycosidic linkage between glucose monomers. It can be hydrolysed to glucose by enzyme maltase.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Inulin is a

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Lipid

  2. Carbohydrate

  3. Protein

  4. Nucleic acid

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Inulin is a storage polysaccharide in roots of Dahlia and related plants. It is also known as a fructan. It is not metabolized in the human body and is readily filtered through the kidney. Therefore, it is used in testing kidney function. Thus, the correct answer is B.

Macro molecule chitin is 

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Phosphorus containing polysaccharide

  2. Sulphur containing polysaccharide

  3. Simple polysaccharide

  4. Nitrogen containing polysaccharide

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Macro-molecule chitin is a complex nitrogen-containing polysaccharide containing amino sugars and chemically modified sugar for example -glucosamine, N-acetyl-galactosamine etc.

So, the correct answer is 'Nitrogen containing polysaccharide'

Carbohydrates, the most abundant biomolecules on earth, are produced by -

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Some bacteria, algae and green plant cells

  2. All bacteria, fungi and algae

  3. Fungi, algae and green plants cells

  4. Viruses, fungi and bacteria

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Green plants produce carbohydrates by the process of photosynthesis by using water, carbon die oxide and solar energy. Apart from this, some bacteria and algae can also produce carbohydrates in the form of food. 

So, option A is the correct answer.