Tag: biological molecules

Questions Related to biological molecules

Which one of the following is a polysaccharide?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Glucose

  2. Glycogen

  3. Maltose

  4. Lactose

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in humans, animals, and fungi

Hence, the correct answer is 'Glycogen'.

Select the correct option:

How many carbon atoms are generally used in composition of monosaccharides?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. 3 to 7

  2. 1 to 5

  3. 5 to 10

  4. 5 to 15

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Carbohydrates are also called saccharides because their basic components are sugars. Monosaccharides are those sugars or simple carbohydrate monomers which cannot be hydrolysed further into smaller components. They have a general formula of $C _nH _{2n}O _n$. Depending upon the number of carbon atoms, monosaccharides are of five types : trioses (having 3 carbon atoms, glyceraldehyde), tetroses (having four carbon atoms, e.g., erythrose), pentoses (having five carbon atoms, e.g, ribose), hexoses (having six carbon atoms, e.g.; glucose), heptoses (having seven carbon atoms, e.g., sedoheptulose).

So, the correct answer is '3 to 7'.

Carbohydrates, the most abundant biomolecules on earth, are produced by

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Some bacteria, algae and green plant cells

  2. All bacteria, fungi and algae

  3. Fungi, algae and green plants cells

  4. Viruses, fungi and bacteria

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Photosynthesis is a process of generating the food for green plants and other organisms. It involves the conversion of light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy in form of ATP. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water. In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis. Such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Thus, option A is correct. Carbohydrates are not produced by fungi and viruses. Thus, other options are wrong.

Following are the examples of primary metabolites, except

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Lecithin

  2. Cholestrol

  3. Triglyceride

  4. Cellulose

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A primary metabolite is a type of metabolite, which is directly involved in the normal growth, development, reproduction of an organism. e.g. Cellulose, cholesterol, triglycerides. Secondary metabolites which are not directly involved in the growth, development.  Secondary metabolite performs another function like defence. e.g. lecithin present in WBC which help in the recognition of foreign pathogen.

So, the correct answer is 'Lecithin'

Chitin is the example of _________.

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Monosaccharide

  2. Disaccharide

  3. Polysaccharide

  4. All

Show answer
Correct Option: C

Which of the following statements is not correct regarding chitin?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. It is a storage polysaccharide

  2. It is a homopolysaccharide

  3. It is constituent of arthropod exoskeleton and fungal cell wall

  4. It contain $\beta 1-4$ glycosidic bond

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Chhtitn is the main ingredient in the exoskeletons of arthropods and crustaceans and is also in the cell walls of fungi. That means everything from beetles, spiders, and butterflies to lobsters, crabs, and shrimps have some chitin in their protective armors.

So, the correct option is 'It is storage polysaccharide'.

The primary function of carbohydrates in cells are

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Signal transduction

  2. Storage of information and catalysis of substances

  3. Energy storage and cell identity

  4. Catalysis and transport of various substances

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Primary functions of carbohydrates in the cells are as follows as:

  • Provide energy to all cells of the body of an organism.
  • Store energy in the form carbohydrates.
  • Also, help in building the macromolecule, proteins and fats.
  • Also, help in the formation of receptor ( e.g. lecithin) present on the cell surface and help in cell identity.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Energy storage and cell identity'.

How much energy is utilised in the synthesis of one gram mole of glucose?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. $673$ kcal

  2. $686$ kcal

  3. $666$ kcal

  4. $696$ kcal.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$686$ kcal energy is utilised in the synthesis of one gram mole of glucose. 

When $1$ mol of glucose means $180$ g of glucose reacts with oxygen under standard conditions, so $686$ kcal is released in the reaction.
Hence, the correct option is B.

Which of these is not an aldose sugar?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Glucose

  2. Mannose

  3. Fructose

  4. Ribose

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Aldose and ketose are two different types of sugars, which are named on the basis of presence of functional group, aldehyde or ketone. The sugars which contain aldehyde(-CHO) as a functional group are named as aldoses, while sugars which contain Ketone(-CO-) as a functional group are called as ketoses. In the given question glucose, ribose, and mannose, contains aldehyde as a function group and therefore are examples of aldoses. However, fructose contains a Ketone group and therefore it is a ketose and not aldose.
So, the correct answer is 'Fructose'.

Raw banana has bitter taste, while ripe banana has sweet taste. It happens because of the conversion of

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Starch to sugar

  2. Sucrose to fructose

  3. Amino acids to sugar

  4. Amino acids to protein

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Raw banana has a bitter taste due to the presence of starch. When the banana ripens, the starch is converted to sugar in the form of glucose. The sugar is responsible for providing a sweet taste. So, the conversion is starch to sugar. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'starch to sugar'.