Tag: disorders of kidney

Questions Related to disorders of kidney

Uraemia is the occurrence of

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Blood in urine

  2. Excess of urea in blood

  3. Excess of sugar in blood

  4. Deficiency of sugar

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Uremia is caused by extreme and usually irreversible damage to your kidneys. This is usually from chronic kidney disease. The kidneys are no longer able to filter the waste from your body and send it out through your urine. Instead, that waste gets into your bloodstream, causing a potentially life-threatening condition.

So, the correct option is 'Excess of urea in blood'.

Haemodialysis helps the patient having

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Goitre

  2. Anaemia

  3. Uremia

  4. Diabetes

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Hemodialysis is the most common type of dialysis. This process uses an artificial kidney (hemodialyzer) to remove waste and extra fluid from the blood. The blood is removed from the body and filtered through the artificial kidney. The filtered blood is then returned to the body with the help of a dialysis machine.

So, the correct option is 'Uremia'.

Chemical composition of renal calculi, besides uric acid is

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Bile salts

  2. Barium chloride

  3. Zinc sulphate

  4. Calcium oxalate

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Approximately 70-80% of kidney stones are composed of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. Of the rest, 10% are struvite, 10% of uric acid; and less than 1% are composed of cystine or are diagnosed as drug-related stones. Calcium and uric acid stones are more common in men; women have more struvite stones.
So, the correct option is 'Calcium oxalate'.

Renal calculi are formed due to

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Calcium oxalate crystals accumulation

  2. Bacterial infection

  3. Clotting of blood

  4. Presence of hard particles in food

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Kidney stones are also called urine calculi. Urine calculi are small stones which are hard deposit in the kidneys and cause pain when are passed through the urinary stream. They are formed often to do accumulation of calcium oxalate crystals.

So, the correct answer is 'Option A'.

Accumulation of urea in blood due to malfunctioning of kidneys is

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Edema

  2. Uremia

  3. Renal calculi

  4. Glomerulonephritis

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Accumulation of urea in the blood due to malfunctioning of kidneys is Uremia. It may occur due to chronic kidney disease or kidney failure.
So, the correct answer is 'Option B'.

Urine calculi are

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Bile pigments

  2. Protein particles

  3. Ketones

  4. Small stones

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Kidney stones are also called urine calculi. Urine calculi are small stones which are hard deposit in the kidneys and cause pain when are passed through the urinary stream. They are often calcium oxalate crystals.

So, the correct answer is 'Small stones"

Identify correctly matched pairs.
1. Uremia- Excessive amount of urea in blood
2. Hyperglycemia- Excess glucose in blood
3. Absence of factor VIII- Haemophilia
4. X-linked disorder- Glycosuria

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. 1, 2, 3 correct

  2. 1, 2 correct

  3. 2, 4 correct

  4. 1, 3 correct

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
1. Uremia is the condition in which there is excess urea present in the body. It occurs when there is decreased excretion of urea in the kidney.
2. Hyperglycemia is the condition of excess glucose in blood. It can occur due to factor like decreased level of insulin in blood.
3. Factor VIII is known as anti-haemophilic factor. Deficiency of this factor causes classical haemophilia in which blood clot formation does not occur and the bleeding continues.
4. Glycosuria is the presence of glucose in urine. This indicates abnormal absorption of glucose in the renal tubules.
Hence, 1,2 and 3 options are correctly matched pairs.
So, the correct answer is '1, 2, 3 correct'. 

Which of the following disease shows the blockage of kidney tubules and causes severe back pain?

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Nephtritis

  2. Kidney failure

  3. Uremia

  4. Renal calculi

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Renal calculi or kidney stone is a solid piece of material blocking the passage of urine in ureter. It leads to pain usually in lower back and then growing in groin area.

Black urine disease is due to

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Absence of alkapton oxidase

  2. Absence of homogentisic acid

  3. Metabolism of phenylalanine

  4. Metabolism of tyrosine

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Correct Option: A

Both gout and kidney stone formation is caused by ___________.

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Calcium oxalate

  2. Uric acid

  3. Creatinine

  4. Potassium Chloride

Show answer
Correct Option: B