Tag: kidney dialysis

Questions Related to kidney dialysis

Diuresis is the condition in which 

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. The excretory volume of urine increases

  2. The excretory volume of urine decreases

  3. The kidneys fail to excrete urine

  4. The water balance of the body is disturbed

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Diuresis is when the body has too many of certain substances in the fluid that the kidneys filter. Eventually, this fluid becomes urine and increases the amount of water expelled by the body, leading to increased or excessive urination. 

So, the correct option is 'The excretory volume of urine increases'.

Which of the following diseases shows the blockage of kidney tubules and causes severe back pain?

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Renal calculi

  2. Uremia

  3. Kidney failure

  4. Nephritis

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Kidney stones are also called urine calculi. Urine calculi are small stones which are hard deposit in the kidneys and cause blockage of the kidney tubules and cause pain when are passed through the urinary stream. They are often calcium oxalate crystals. Hence the disease that shows the blockage of kidney tubules and causes severe back pain is Renal calculi.
So, the correct answer is 'Renal calculi'.

The accumulation of urea in the blood due to malfunctioning of kidneys is referred to as 

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Uremia

  2. Renal calculi

  3. Edema

  4. Glomerulonephritis

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Urea is one of the primary component of the urine. Uremia is the condition having excess amount of urea in the blood. Uremia is the disease due to kidney failure, in which urea and other nitrogenous waste materials which should eliminated through urine are retained and accumulated in the blood.

Excessive accumulation of uric acid in joints causes _________.

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Tetany

  2. Osteo arthritis

  3. Gout

  4. Osteoporosis

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Gout is a painful form of arthritis that occurs when high levels of uric acid in the blood cause crystals to form and accumulate in and around a joint. Uric acid is produced when the body breaks down a chemical called purine. 

So, the correct option is 'Gout'.

One of the following is not a component of kidney stones.

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Calcium Oxalate

  2. Calcium Phosphate

  3. Cholesterol

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A

Inadequate consumption of water may result in the formation of kidney stones.

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

True, when we have too much of certain wastes and not enough fluid in your blood, the wastes can build up and stick together in kidneys and these clumps of waste are called kidney stones.

Urinary tract infection is more common in men than in women. 

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: B

In man, the kidney stones are formed due to

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Blockage by fats

  2. Deposition of sand in kidney

  3. Protein accumulation in kidneys

  4. Salts such as oxalates are crystallised in pelvis.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In man, the kidney stones are formed due to salts such as oxalates are crystallised in pelvis.

  • A kidney stone is a hard, crystalline mineral material formed within the kidney or urinary tract.
  • Kidney stones form when there is a decrease in urine volume and/or an excess of stone-forming substances in the urine.
  • Dehydration is a major risk factor for kidney stone formation.
  • Symptoms of a kidney stone include flank pain (the pain can be quite severe) and blood in the urine (hematuria).
  • Diagnosis of kidney stones is best accomplished using an ultrasound, IVP, or a CT scan.
  • Treatment includes pain-control medications and, in some cases, medications to facilitate the passage of urine.

Most common kidney stones are made up of

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Magnesium phosphate

  2. Calcium oxalate

  3. Uric acid

  4. Cholesterol

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
There are four main types of kidney stones. Calcium stones are the most common type of kidney stones. They are usually made of calcium and oxalate (a natural chemical found in most foods) but are sometimes made of calcium and phosphate. Uric acid stones form when urine is often too acidic.
So, the correct option is 'Calcium oxalate'.

Which one of following statements is false?

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Presence of albumin in urine is albuminuria.

  2. Presence of glucose in urine is glycosuria.

  3. Presence of ketone sugar in urine is ketonuria.

  4. Presence of excess urea in blood is uremia.

  5. Presence of haemoglobin in urine is haemoglobinuria.

  6. None of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: F
Explanation:

Ketones are the end products of fatty acid metabolism in absence of glucose. These ketones are excreted through urine.