Tag: endocrine system and hormone

Questions Related to endocrine system and hormone

Which of the following is a gonadotropic hormone? 

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Collip's hormone

  2. Prolactin

  3. Oxytocin

  4. Luteinizing hormone

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates the production of sex hormones by gonads. Since LH acts on gonads, it is known as gonadotropic hormones.  

Oxytocin stimulates strong uterine muscle contraction during childbirth and is known as the birth hormone.
Prolactin targets mammary gland to stimulate breast development and milk production after baby birth.
Parathormone is also called as Collip's hormone and serves to regulate blood calcium level. 
So, the correct answer is option D.

Abnormal condition where mammary gland of man become female like is called as 

zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Gynosism

  2. Gynochorism

  3. Feminization

  4. Gynaecomastia

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Gynaecomastia refers to the presence of enlarged mammary glands in males like that of females and is caused by the presence of extra X chromosome in males. Gonochorism is the unisexual condition. Feminization refers to the development of female secondary sexual characters caused by hormonal changes at puberty in females. So, the correct answer is option D.

ADH responsible for reabsorption of water and reduction of urine secretion is released by 

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Posterior pituitary gland

  2. Juxtaglomerular apparatus

  3. Anterior pituitary gland

  4. Hypothalamus

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

ADH secretion is regulated by plasma osmolality. If osmolality increases it stimulates secretion of ADH which act at the collecting duct of nephron where it causes the reabsorption of only water and produces the concentrated urine.

So, the correct answer is 'Posterior pituitary gland'.

Which hormone is responsible for maintenance of pregnancy?

zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. HCG

  2. Progesterone

  3. Estrogen

  4. Prostaglandin

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Progesterone is produced from the corpus luteum, which is the small gland, that forms in the ovary after ovulation has occurred. This hormone is essential for the maintenance of pregnancy and also for the development of many symptoms during early pregnancy.

Vasopressin influences 

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Electrolyte efflux

  2. Nerve excitability

  3. Water reabsorption

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is a neurohypophysial hormone which has two primary functions- to retain water in the body and to constrict the blood vessels. Vasopressin regulates the body's retention of water by increasing water reabsorption in the collecting ducts of the kidney nephron.

Mammalian prolactin is secreted by 

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Adenohypophysis

  2. Neurohypophysis

  3. Adrenal cortex

  4. Adrenal medulla

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Prolactin (PRL), also known as luteotropic hormone or luteotropin, is a protein, that in humans is best known for its role in enabling female mammals to produce milk. Prolactin is a single-chain protein hormone. It is secreted by the lactotrophs in the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis).

The formation of egg and sperm is affected by 

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. LH

  2. MSH

  3. TSH

  4. FSH

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In women, FSH hormone stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in the ovary, before the release of an egg from one follicle at ovulation. It also increases oestradiol production. 

In men, follicle stimulating hormone acts on the Sertoli cells of the testes to stimulate sperm production (spermatogenesis).

Acromegaly is a disease caused by 

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Over secretion of growth hormone in childhood.

  2. Over secretion of growth hormone in adulthood.

  3. Under secretion of growth hormone in adulthood.

  4. Deficiency of calcium and phosphorous in the diet.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Acromegaly is the abnormal growth of the hands, feet, and face. It is caused when there is oversecretion of growth hormone (GH) in adulthood. Similarly, oversecretion of growth hormone in childhood causes Gigantism. 

It is usually caused by a non-cancerous tumor in the pituitary gland.
Its symptoms include large hands and feet, thick lips, coarse facial features, a jutting forehead and jaw, and widely spaced teeth. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

"4s gland" is 

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Pancreas

  2. Liver

  3. Thyroid

  4. Adrenal

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The adrenal gland is known as 4S gland. 4S stands for the source of energy, sugar metabolism, salt retention and sex hormones. 

The adrenal glands, located at the top of each kidney, produce hormones that help the body control blood sugar, burn protein, and fat, react to stressors like a major illness or injury and regulate blood pressure. Two of the most important adrenal hormones are cortisol and aldosterone.

Which of the following are incorrectly matched

zoology endocrine system and adolescence control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction

  1. Synthesis reaction-anabolism

  2. Decomposition reaction-catabolism

  3. Hydrolysis-anabolism

  4. Dehydration reaction-synthesis reaction

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Hydrolysis is the cleavage of biomolecules where a water molecule is consumed to affect the separation of a larger molecule into component parts. So, hydrolysis is a type of decomposition and that's why it is regarded as catabolism.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Hydrolysis-anabolism'