Tag: endocrine system and hormone

Questions Related to endocrine system and hormone

Steroid hormones have a _______ effect.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Slow and short term

  2. Fast and short term

  3. Fast and long lasting

  4. Slow and long lasting

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol. They are in the form of lipids. The receptors for steroid hormones are located in the cell i.e. they are intracellular receptors. Steroid hormones cross the cell membrane as they are lipid soluble and enter the cell where they bind with the receptors and hormone-receptor complex is formed. Thus, steroid hormones act slowly but they have along lasting effect on metabolism.
So, the correct answer is 'Slow and long lasting'.

Which one is not involved as secondary messenger in $Ca^{2+}$ mediated hormone

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. cAMP

  2. DAG

  3. $IP _3$

  4. Phospholipase

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Which of these is a steroid hormone? 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Epinephrine

  2. Thyroxine

  3. Estrogen

  4. Gonadotropin

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Estrogen is a steroid hormone secreted from ovarian follicles and stimulates the development of secondary sex organs and sexual characters in females. Steroid hormones are synthesised from cholesterol. They are in the form of lipids and their receptors are located inside the cell.
Epinephrine is derived from amino acid tyrosine, thyroxine is a peptide hormone and gonadotropin is a glycoprotein.
So, the correct answer is 'Estrogen'.

Which of these is not a steroid hormone? 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Aldosterone

  2. Androgen

  3. Estrogen

  4. Thyroxine

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A. Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone secreted from the adrenal cortex. It maintains the electrolyte balance in the body by reducing the loss of sodium through urine and sweat.
B. Androgen is a sexocorticoid produced by adrenal cortex. It stimulates the deposition of protein in muscles and nitrogen retention in males.
C. Estrogen is the female sex hormone secreted from ovarian follicles and stimulate the development of female secondary sex organs.
D. Thyroxine is secreted from thyroid gland. It stimulates the consumption of oxygen by metabolically active tissues and also increases the oxidation of glucose in tissues. 
Out of all these hormones, thyroxine is not a steroid hormone. Instead, it is derived from amino acid tyrosine.
So, the correct answer is 'Thyroxine'.

Which of these is a glycoprotein?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Erythropoietin

  2. Insulin

  3. Oxytocin

  4. Vasopressin

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by juxtaglomerular cells of kidneys. It acts on bone marrow and stimulates the formation of red blood cells (RBCs). This process is known as erythropoiesis. Erythropoietin is secreted in response to hypoxic conditions in body as RBC carry oxygen and transport it to different parts of the body.
Insulin, oxytocin and vasopressin are peptide hormones and are composed of amino acids.
So, the correct answer is 'Erythropoietin'. 

When all the peptide bonds of a protein have been broken down, the result would be

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Polypeptides

  2. Oligopeptides

  3. Peptides

  4. Amino acids

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Correct Option: D

Name the chemical, deficiency of which causes Parkinson's disease while excess production may lead to schizophrenia.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Dopamine

  2. Acetylcholine

  3. Endorphins

  4. Glycine

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Dopamine is a catecholamine secreted from adrenal gland. It acts as a neurotransmitter and precursor for norepinephrine. Deficiency of dopamine causes Parkinson's disease in which muscles become rigid. The neurons that secrete dopamine degenerate in this disease. Excess amounts of dopamine cause schizophrenia in which a person's ability to think and feel is affected. The patient loses his ability to concentrate and the memory is also affected.
So, the correct answer is 'Dopamine'.

Which of the following hormones is not chemically a glycoprotein? 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Growth hormone

  2. Prolactin

  3. Luteinising hormone

  4. Estrogen

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A. Growth hormone is a glycoprotein secreted by adenohypophysis of pituitary gland which helps in growth of body.
B. Prolactin is a glycoprotein secreted by adenohypophysis of pituitary gland which stimulates production and secretion of milk.
C. Luteinising hormone is a glycoprotein secreted by adenohypophysis of pituitary gland which induced ovulation.
D. Estrogen is a steroid hormone secreted by ovaries which help in development of female sexual characters.
So, the correct answer is 'Estrogen'.

Chemically epinephrine is 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Amino acid derivative

  2. Steroid

  3. Peptide

  4. Glucocorticoid

  5. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Hormones have different chemical nature depending upon the type of molecules they are made up of. Some hormones like epinephrine are amino acid derivatives. Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline is secreted from adrenal medulla. It is derived from amino acid tyrosine. It contains a nitrogen atom and hence, known as amine. Epinephrine is secreted in response to stress conditions in the body and induces fight or flight reactions in the body.
So, the correct answer is 'Amino acid derivative'.

Which of the following hormones is a steroid?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination classification of hormones endocrine system and hormone hormones and metabolism

  1. Oestrogen

  2. Insulin

  3. Glucagon

  4. Thyroxine

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol and are lipid-soluble molecules. Examples of steroid hormones include the sex hormones (androgens, oestrogens, and progesterone). Oestrogens helps in development and maintenance of an individual's feminine characteristics. Whereas, insulin, glucagon, and thyroxin are the protein hormone 

So, the correct answer is option A.