Tag: plant tissue culture

Questions Related to plant tissue culture

Cloning is obtained through

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Hybridisation

  2. Cross-pollination

  3. Self-pollination

  4. Micropropagation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Micropropagation is the method of large production of plantlets in a less time. In this method, a small piece of plant tissue (explant) is cultured in a sterile medium which later develops into new plantlets. The offsprings produced by this methods are the exact copy of their parent plant and are known as somaclones. So, the technique of micropropagation is also known as cloning.

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

What is micropropagation?  

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Germination of seed with cotyledons above the soil.

  2. A technique to obtain new plants by cultivating the cells or tissues in culture medium.

  3. The mature stage of endosperm.

  4. To manufacture hormones.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Micropropagation is a technique to obtain new plants by cultivating the cell or tissue in culture medium through tissue culture.

So, the correct answer is 'A technique to obtain new plants by cultivating the cells or tissues in culture medium'

Most plant tissue cultures are initiated from

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Callus

  2. Explants

  3. Plantlets

  4. Protoplasts

  5. Anthers

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The tissue obtained from a plant to be cultured is called an explant. Explants can be taken from different many parts of a plant, including portions of shoots, leaves, stems, flowers, roots, single undifferentiated cells and from many types of mature cells provided are they still contain living cytoplasm and nuclei and are able de-differentiate and resume cell division. This has given rise to the concept of totipotentency of plant cells. So, the correct answer is 'Explants'.

Callus culture is useful for purposes like

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. It helps in the production of secondary plant products.

  2. It is useful for the synthesis of starting compounds that are subsequently modified to yield the desired product.

  3. It is the starting materials for vegetative propagation of plants.

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Callus culture is useful for many purposes:
1  Callus is the starting material for the suspension culture which cells are separated.
2. It helps in the production of secondary plant products.
3. It is useful for the synthesis of starting compounds that are subsequently modified to yield the desired product.
4. It is the starting materials for vegetative propagation of plants.

In plant tissue culture, undifferentiated tissue is referred to as

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Callus

  2. Bark

  3. Xylem

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In plant tissue culture, undifferentiated tissue is referred to as callus, although a callus can contain meristematic nodules that may not be obvious to the naked eye but which never develop further unless suitable conditions are supplied.

Reproducing plants by cells instead of seeds is called as

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Tissue culture

  2. Amphimixis

  3. Mutation

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Tissue culture is a process that involves exposing plant tissue to a specific regimen of nutrients, hormones, and light under sterile, in vitro conditions to produce many new plants, each a clone of the original mother plant, over a very short period of time. The term plant tissue culture (micro propagation) is generally used for the aseptic culture of cells, tissues, organs and their components under defined chemical and physical conditions in vitro.

The technique of producing large number of genetically similar plants within short time by tissue culture is called as _____________.

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Organogenesis

  2. Somatic hybridization

  3. Micro-propagation

  4. Protoplast culture

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Micro-propagation means the propagation of plants by growing plantlets in tissue culture and then planting them out.

Rapidly dividing unorganised mass of cells in tissue culture is

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Callose.

  2. Callus.

  3. Embryoid.

  4. Plantlet.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Tissue culture is a growth of cells or tissues separate from the organism in an artificial environment. The process is called as micropropagation in plant tissue culture. In tissue culture, the small piece of plant or animal is used to grow complete individual and those small parts are called as explants whereas complete grown individuals are called clones. The explant initially turns into rapidly dividing unorganised mass of cells on solid or liquid culture and that is called a callus. 

The following cells cannot be grown under tissue culture conditions 

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Hela cells

  2. Leucocytes

  3. Kidney cells

  4. Nerve cells

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Nerve cells cannot replicate under Tissue culture conditions hence they cannot be grown by the tissue culture technique. 
So the correct option is D.

Tissue culture was developed by

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Haberlandt

  2. Laibach

  3. White

  4. Steward

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In 1902 C.Haberlant was the first attempted to culture isolated plant cells invitro on artificial medium. But the discovery of the use of auxin is done by three scientists Gautherel, Nobecourt, and White. This discovery is the second phase of plant tissue culture. Then White discovery's proves that plant could be successfully regenerated from undifferentiated tissue or even single cell in culture called tissue culture. Then tissue culture was developed by P R White in 1925.
So the correct option is C.