Tag: plant tissue culture

Questions Related to plant tissue culture

The callus is defined as ________________.

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Decaying cells

  2. Differentiated cells

  3. Sterile mass of cells

  4. Undifferentiated mass of cells

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Correct Option: A

Electroporation is a technique commonly used in ________________.

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Tissue culture

  2. Somatic hybridization

  3. Radioimmuno assay

  4. Electrophoresis

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Correct Option: A

Consider the following statements.
Tissue culture is recommended for.
a. Multiplication of elite genotypes
b. Developing virus-free plants
c. Production of secondary metabolites
d. Induction of polyploidy
e. Of useful trees
Of this statements.

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. $1, 2$ and $4$ are correct

  2. $1, 2$ and $3$ are correct

  3. $1, 3$ and $4$ are correct

  4. $2, 3$ and $4$ are correct

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Correct Option: A

Somaclones are obtained by : -

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Genetic engineering

  2. Tissue culture

  3. Plant breeding

  4. Irradiation Genetic engineering

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Correct Option: B

Which of the following is not a common procedure in tissue culture of plants?

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Shoot tip culture for the purpose of micropropagation

  2. Leaf, stem, and root culture for the purpose of cell suspension cultures

  3. Protoplast culture for the purpose of genetic engineering of plants

  4. Culture of hybridized mature plant cells

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A) Shoot tip culture may be described as the culture of terminal portion of a shoot comprising the meristem together with primordial and developing leaves and adjacent stem tissue. It is a common process used for micropropagation

B) Suspension culture is a type of culture in which single cell or small aggregates of cells mul­tiply while suspended in agitated liquid medium. It is the process done in tissue culture using plant part such as leaf, stem, roots etc.
C) Protoplasts are naked plant cells without the cell wall, but they possess plasma membrane and all other cellular components. Protoplasts of different species can be fused to generate a hybrid and this process is referred to as somatic hybridization. Genetic transformations can be achieved through genetic engineering of protoplast DNA
D) After hybridization or suspension culture, a new mature plant is produced. This plant is identical to its parent plant
So, the correct answer is 'culture of hybridized mature plant cells'

Agitation during tissue culture serves for

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Aeration of the culture

  2. Constant Mixing

  3. Breakage of cell aggregates in small particles

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. Plant tissue culture is widely used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micropropagation. Agitation during tissue culture serves for:

  • Aeration of the culture
  • Constant Mixing
  • Breakage of cell aggregates in small particles

What is micropropagation?

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Germination of seed with cotyledons above the soil.

  2. A technique to obtain new plants by cultivating the cells or tissues in culture medium.

  3. The mature stage of endosperm.

  4. To manufacture hormones.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Tissue culture, also known as micropropagation, is a propagation method used to produce plants under sterile conditions. 
  • This method uses plant explants (plant parts) or seeds that have been sterilized before being placed in containers with a growing medium (usually a gel) that has some nutrients added. 
  • Micropropagation is the growing of plants from meristematic tissue or somatic cells of superior plants on nutrient suitable media under controlled aseptic physical conditions.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

A clone is a group of individuals obtained through______________

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Hybridisation

  2. Cross-pollination

  3. Self-pollination

  4. Micropropagation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • Cells derived from a single cell through mitosis constitute a clone and the process of obtaining clones is called cloning (asexual progeny of a single individual make up a clone). 
  • Plant tissue culture or micropropagation is the technique of maintaining and growing plant cells, tissues or organs especially on artificial medium in suitable containers under controlled environmental conditions.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Consider the statements A-D.
A. Production of plants in an artificial synthetic medium is known as micro propagation.
B. Callus is the cellular mass of tissue developed in the early stage of tissue culture.
C. Orchids, dahlia and carnation plants are raised by means of micropropagation.
D. Air layering (gootee) is practised in grape, rose, raspberry and strawberry plants.
The correct statements are given in

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Statements A, B and C

  2. Statements A and B

  3. Statements B, C and D

  4. Statements A, B, C and D

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Micropropagation is a more recent practice for growing plants in a culture medium by providing them with all the necessary nutrients and inducing their growth artificially. So, statement A is correct.
  • In the case of growth of plants through asexual means using tissue culture, first of all, the mass of cells is formed which is then differentiated into different cells and forms the entire plant body. This cell mass is called callus. So, statement B is also correct.
  • Examples of micropropagation growth include orchids, dahlia, etc. So, the statement C is also correct.
Examples of Gootee include lychee, pili nut, jack fruit, etc.
So, statement D is incorrect.

Micropropagation means

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Preparation of tissue in the laboratory

  2. Genetic engineering

  3. Growth of plantlets in nutrient media in the laboratory 

  4. Preparation of new tissue by DNA recombination

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Micropropagation is a tissue culture technique for plant propagation in which tissue is taken from a plant and grown in a laboratory to produce plants that are genetically identical to the parent. The small portion of plant tissue, sometimes only a single cell, is placed on a growth medium, typically containing sucrose as an energy source.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.